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Final 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendices CITY OF CAMPBELL 2015 – 2023 HOUSING ELEMENT TECHNICAL APPENDICES REPORT PREPARED BY: METROPOLITAN PLANNING GROUP 579 CYLDE AVE, MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA This Page Left Intentionally Blank City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Technical Appendices Introduction INTRODUCTION This Housing Element Technical Appendices Report provides the detailed background information used in developing the Element’s policies and programs for the 2015-2023 planning period. Providing the technical information in a separate report allows the City of Campbell to focus the Housing Element on housing strategies and solutions. The Technical Appendices Report consists of the following sections:  Housing Needs Assessment (Appendix A), which describes and analyzes Campbell’s population, household, and housing characteristics and trends;  Housing Constraints (Appendix B), which assesses potential market, governmental, and other constraints to the development and affordability of housing;  Housing Accomplishments (Appendix C), which evaluates the City’s progress in implementing the housing programs established in the 2009 - 2014 Housing Element; and,  Analysis of Opportunity Sites (Appendix D), which assesses the ability of the City to provide adequate sites to meet the Regional Housing Needs Assessment.  Public Outreach (Appendix E), which provides additional information on the public outreach activities. The Technical Appendices Report were prepared using various sources of information. The majority of the data is from the 2000 and 2010 Census on population and housing, as well as American Community Surveys between 2006 and 2011, and compares it to the corresponding data from Santa Clara County. In addition to data provided by the U.S. Census Bureau, information from the following sources has also been incorporated (where appropriate) into this information:  Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) Housing Element Data Profiles (January 2014) and ABAG’s Regional Housing Needs Determination (July, 2013) provides demographic projections and information on future housing needs;  Population and demographic data is updated by the State Department of Finance, and school enrollment data from State Department of Education;  Housing market information, such as home sales, rents, and vacancies, is updated through newspaper and internet rent surveys and DataQuick sales transactions;  Public and non-profit agencies are consulted for data on special needs groups, the services available to them, and gaps in the system;  Lending patterns for home purchase and home improvement loans are provided through the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) database.  Major Employers are provided by the City of Campbell Finance Department; City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Technical Appendices Introduction  Comparative data for income levels of various groups is provided by the Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy, 2010;  Information on Campbell’s development standards are derived from the City’s Zoning Ordinance;  Property size and Assessors information provided by Santa Clara County Assessor’s Office; and  Information on Persons with Developmental Disabilities is provided by the California Department of Development Services and Department of Social Services. . City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 1 APPENDIX A. HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT This section of the Housing Element discusses the characteristics of the City’s population and housing stock as a means of better understanding the nature and extent of unmet housing needs. Appendix A, the Housing Needs Assessment is comprised of the following components: (1) Demographic Profile; (2) Household Profile; (3) Housing Stock Characteristics; and (4) Regional Housing Needs. 1. Demographic Profile The type and amount of housing needed in a community are largely determined by population growth and various demographic variables. Factors such as age, race/ethnicity, occupation, and income level combine to influence the type of housing needed and the ability to afford housing. This section addresses population, age, race/ethnicity and employment of Campbell’s residents. A. Population Trends Table A-1 displays population growth trends for the City of Campbell from 1990-2010, and compares this growth to neighboring jurisdictions and the entire County of Santa Clara. As indicated below, the recession between 2007 and 2009 dramatically slowed the rate of population increase for most of the depicted jurisdictions. As the economy has improved, the rates of population growth have also increased. Much of the increase in population growth for most of the established cities has been from the redevelopment of existing sites into higher density residential projects. Table A-1: Regional Population Growth Trends Jurisdiction 1990 2000 2010 Percent Change by Decade 1990- 2000 2000-2010 Campbell 36,048 38,138 39,349 6% 3% Los Gatos 27,357 28,592 29,413 5% 3% San Jose 782,248 894,943 945,942 14% 6% Santa Clara 93,613 102,361 116,468 9% 14% Saratoga 28,061 29,843 29,926 6% <1% Santa Clara County 1,497,577 1,682,585 1,781,642 12% 6% Sources: 1990, 2000, 2010 Census According to the State Department of Finance, local populations have continued to increase since the 2010 Decennial Census. All of the Cities described in Table A-1 have shown continuing population growth through 2013. In 2013, according to the State Department of Finance, the population for the City of Campbell had increased to 40,404. If the current rates of growth for these cities continued from 2010 through 2020, the percent change in their populations would have ranged between 9 and 14 percent. According to the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG), the population for the City of Campbell is expected to continue to increase through 2040. The estimated population in 2020 is 41,900, increasing to 48,100 in 2040. ABAG expects to see rates of change between 6.5 and 7.5 percent for each decade through 2040. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 2 B. Age Characteristics A community’s housing needs are determined in part by the age characteristics of residents. Each age group has distinct lifestyles, family type and size, income levels, and housing preferences. As people move through each stage, their housing needs and preferences also change. As a result, evaluating the age characteristics of a community is important in addressing housing needs of residents. Table A-2 below summarizes the age characteristics of Campbell residents between 1990 and 2010, and compares this with the County as a whole. For the most part, the population characteristics of the community have stayed fairly constant except for a decrease in the number of Young Adults and the corresponding increase in the number of Middle Age Adults. This appears to have occurred because of the aging in place by large numbers of Young Adults between 1990 and 2010. The Young Adult population (25 to 44) remains the largest segment (33%) of the City’s population though the size of this group has steadily decreased since 1990. The next largest group is the Middle Age Adults (45-64) which comprised 28% of the population in 2010. Table A-2: Age Distribution-City of Campbell Age Groups 1990 2000 2010 Santa Clara County (2010) Persons Percent Persons Percent Persons Percent Preschool (Ages 0-4) 2,584 7% 2,491 7% 2,584 7% 7% School Age (5-17) 4,507 13% 5,728 15% 5,687 14% 17% College Age (18-24) 3,799 11% 2,910 8% 2,982 8% 9% Young Adults (25-44) 15,596 43% 15,346 40% 12,834 33% 31% Middle Age Adults (45-64) 6,194 17% 7,960 21% 10,868 28% 25% Senior Adults (65+) 3,368 9% 3,703 10% 4,394 11% 11% TOTAL 36,048 100% 38,138 100% 39,349 100% 100% Median Age 32.5 35.2 38.3 36.2.0 Sources: 1990, 2000, 2010 Census. Like many communities nationwide, Campbell’s population is aging. The City’s median age increased from 32.5 years in 1990 to 38.3 years in 2010. During this same time the countywide median age increased from 32.0 to 36.2. This appears to correspond with the gradual increase in the number of Senior Adults (65+). This aging in place trend is expected to continue into the near future. Many seniors are homeowners and typically live in single-family homes, but may begin to consider trading down their larger homes for smaller dwellings as their children leave home. To remain in their homes, some seniors may also participate in home sharing programs. Several trends could become apparent over the coming decade. Senior citizens can be expected to continue to comprise a growing segment of Campbell’s population as the City’s middle age “baby boomers” (45 to 64) age in place. Eventually, this pattern of aging in place will result in the recycling of existing neighborhoods as Young Adults move back into the areas vacated by the Senior Adults and start new families. Given this trend, there is a continued need to expand housing opportunities for seniors. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 3 C. Race and Ethnicity The Bay Area has been gradually changing in the racial and ethnic composition of its population. These changes have implications for housing needs to the extent that different groups may have different household characteristics, income levels, and cultural background that affect their need and preferences for housing. Campbell, like many Bay Area communities, has also experienced gradual changes in the racial and ethnic composition of its population. The White group continues to comprise the largest race/ethnic group in Campbell at 58 percent, but this group’s share of the population has decreased steadily over the past two decades, while the other race/ethnic groups grew noticeably both in size and proportion. This trend is reflected in both the Dicennial Census and local school enrollments. Among the major race/ethnic groups, the largest percentage increase in population between 1990 and 2010 was attributable to Asians (representing 78% of the population growth between 1990 and 2000) and Hispanics (representing 64% of the population growth between 2000 and 2010). As shown inTable A-3, the Asian/Pacific Islander share of the population increased from 9 percent in 1990 to 16 percent in 2010. The Hispanic share grew from 11 percent to 18 percent. The number of residents in the “Other Race” category grew dramatically in large part because unlike prior Census efforts, the 2000 and 2010 Censuses allowed respondents to identify themselves as members of more than one racial group.1 Table A-3: Racial and Ethnic Composition–City of Campbell Race/Ethnicity Group 1990 2000 2010 Santa Clara County (2010) Persons Percent Persons Percent Persons Percent White 28,029 78% 25,168 66% 22,866 58% 35% Hispanic 3,839 11% 5,083 13% 7,247 18% 27% Asian/Pacific Islander 3,281 9% 5,430 14% 6,362 16% 32% Black 677 2% 932 2% 1,109 3% 2% Other Race 222 1% 1,525 4% 1,765 4% 3% TOTAL 36,048 100% 38,138 100% 39,349 100% 100% Sources: 1990, 2000, 2010 Census The student population in Campbell is diverse as well and reflects the demographic shift within the community. An examination of recent enrollment data for local schools in the Campbell Union Elementary that primarily serve the City of Campbell indicate that the traditional minority groups comprise the majority of the student population.2 In academic year 2013/14, 54% of the student population are Hispanic, 25% White, 12% Asian and Pacific Islander, 4% Blacks or African American, and 5% were identified as an Other Race. This variation indicates that much of the older cohorts of the population are predominantly White while the younger cohorts of the population are more diverse and more representative of the current multi-ethnic California. 1 For 2000, the “Other Race” category includes American Indians and Alaska Natives, and persons who identified themselves as “Some other race” and “Two or more races.” 2 Data was compiled from the Education Data Partnership website (http://www.ed-data.k12.ca.us/) City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 4 D. Education Education and employment also have an important impact upon housing needs to the extent that different jobs and income levels determine the type and size of housing a household can afford. According to the 2010 Census, the educational level of Campbell residents is generally higher than that of the County as a whole. For instance, the percentage of residents over age 25 without a high school diploma is 10 percent in the City, compared to 16 percent Countywide. Similarly, Campbell has a higher percentage of residents with some college education and with a Bachelors Degree, though a smaller percentage of Post Graduate Degree holders. The educational attainment of Campbell residents and residents countywide are displayed in the Figure A-4. Table A-4: Comparison of Educational Attainment E. Employment Market Table A-5 describes the types of occupations held by Campbell residents. As of 2010, three-quarters of residents were employed in either managerial/professional occupations (50%), or sales/technical/administrative occupations (26%). Relatively higher paying jobs are in both categories, except for certain sales positions, translating into higher incomes for the residents engaged in these activities. In contrast, there were noticeable declines in the number of residents engaged in the occupational categories of production/crafts/maintenance; and farming/ forestry/ fishing. The long term trend appears to be away from manufacturing and production and toward the professional and service sectors. Furthermore, the primary growth within the Sales, Technical and Administrative sectors has been in the technical and administrative areas. 0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00% 30.00% 35.00% High School Graduate Some College Bachelors Degree Post Graduate Degree Campbell Santa Clara County City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 5 The State Employment Development Department estimates that, as of November 2013, the labor force for the City of Campbell was 23,000. The unemployment rate for City residents was 5.3%, compared to a countywide unemployment rate of 6.2% and a statewide rate of 8.3%. Since the height of the recession in early 2009, the unemployment rates for the City, County, and State has fallen by 2.4%, 1.5%, and 0.8% respectively. The improved economy has the potential to improve many families access to affordable housing. The economic base for the City of Campbell is founded on small to medium-sized businesses. The largest employers are shown in Table A-6. Of the twenty largest employers, eight are service businesses, five are retail oriented, and three are manufacturing or technology companies. The remaining businesses are a variety of medical, construction, or local governmental organizations. These 20 largest employers represent only less than 20% of all local jobs indicating that most local employers are primarily smaller sized businesses. Future local job growth is anticipated to be somewhat limited. However the continued expansion of regional employ- ment will likely result in increased demand for more affordable housing in Campbell. Table A-5: Civilian Employment Profile-City of Campbell Occupations of Residents 1990 2000 2010 Persons Percent Persons Percent Persons Percent Managerial / Professional 7,485 34% 10,951 50% 10,675 50% Sales, Technical, Administrative 8,065 37% 5,417 25% 5,597 26% Service Occupations 2,070 10% 2,243 10% 2,436 11% Production/Crafts/Maintenance 2,408 11% 1,740 8% 1,300 6% Operators, Fabricators, Labor 1,657 8% 1,400 6% 1,335 6% Farming, Forestry, Fishing 131 1% 8 0% 83 <½% Total 21,816 100% 21,759 100% 21,426 100% Sources: 1990, 2000, 2010 Census. Table A-6: Top 20 Employers-City of Campbell Employer Number of Employees Barracuda Networks Inc 393 Safeway 274 Whole Foods 250 Fry’s Electronics 229 Hunter Laboratories 200 Yousendit, Inc 200 Home Depot 189 Samma Technologies 182 Mohler, Nixon & Williams Accountancy 165 Moss Adams CPAs 161 City of Campbell 153 24/7 Customer Care 150 Senior Living Solutions 150 Kaiser Permanente Medical Group 145 Pacific Netsoft, Inc 138 Durham School Services 134 Chargepoint, Inc 120 On-Site.com 120 South Bay Senior Solutions 120 Kohl’s 112 Source: City of Campbell, Finance Department, 2014. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 6 According to the 2007 Economic Census (the most recent information available), there were approximately 20,652 jobs in Campbell in 1,452 workplaces. In 2007 the local economy was a combination of service/retail, professional, and manufacturing sectors. Since that time several of the larger manufacturing and information service businesses have either relocated or have gone out of business. As a result, the local economy is based primarily on the retail/service and professional sectors. F. Jobs and Housing The Jobs:Housing Ratio (or Jobs:Housing Balance) is a method used to indicate whether a community is “balanced” from a housing and employment perspective. A community is considered balanced when there are approximately an equal number of housing units and jobs (though the Jobs:Housing Ratio does not consider the quality of the jobs in terms of the household incomes or affordability). In regional planning programs, balancing jobs and housing is generally believed to reduce the amount of long distance commuting, as well as achieving a number of other related goals such as reducing traffic congestion on major freeways and arterials, improving regional air quality, and enhancing a community’s economic base. Jobs and housing are considered to be balanced when there are an equal number of employed residents and jobs within a given area, with a ratio of approximately 1.0. Table A-7 compares the Jobs:Housing ratio for Campbell and other selected local jurisdictions. The balance between jobs and housing is an important consideration in establishing housing production and affordability goals. Based on ABAG estimates for 2007, Campbell has a Jobs/Housing ratio of 1.3. This means that, within Campbell there are on average 1.3 jobs for each housing units. In comparison to many of the surrounding jurisdictions, Campbell is relatively balanced community with slightly more jobs than housing. Table A-7: Jobs to Employed Residents Ratio City Jobs per Employed Residents Ratio Campbell 1.3 Los Gatos 1.8 San Jose 0.8 Santa Clara 1.9 Saratoga 0.6 Santa Clara County 1.1 Sources: ABAG Projections, 2013 City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 7 2. Household Characteristics Household type and size, income levels, the presence of special needs populations, and other household characteristics determine the type of housing needed by residents. This section details the various household characteristics affecting housing needs. A. Household Type According to the 2010 Census, Campbell is home to 16,163 households, of which 60 percent are families. Families are comprised of married couple families with or without children as well as other family types, such as female-headed households with children. Non-families, including singles and other households, make up the other 40 percent of households in Campbell. Other households include residents in group homes, roommates, and other unrelated persons occupying the same housing unit. As was the case in 1990, singles comprised roughly 30 percent of all households in the City. The household type trends are shown in Table A-8. Table A-8: Household Characteristics-City of Campbell Household Type 1990 2000 2010 Households Percent Households Percent Households Percent Total Households 15,312 100% 15,920 100% 16,163 100% Families 8,849 58% 9,121 57% 9,686 60% With Children (3,857) (44%) (4,452) (49%) (4,832) (50%) Without Children (4,992) (56%) (4,669) (51%) (4,881) (50%) Singles 4,438 29% 4,846 30% 4,805 30% Other 2,025 13% 1,953 12% 1,672 10% Average Household Size 2.35 2.38 2.42 Sources: 1990, 2000, 2010 Census. The composition of households in Campbell remained relatively unchanged between 1990 and 2010. There are, however, two noteworthy trends. These trends are the increase in the number of families with children and the increase in the average persons per household since 1990. These trends reflect the growth in the number of families with children as well as an increase in the number of households “doubling up” to save on housing costs during the recent economic downturn commonly referred to as The Great Recession (2007-2009). B. Household Income Household income is the most important factor affecting housing opportunity, determining a household’s ability to balance housing costs with other basic necessities of life. Income levels can vary considerably among households, based upon tenure, household type, location of residence, and/or race/ethnicity, among other factors. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 8 Median Household Income Based on the 2012 American Community Survey, the median annual household income of Campbell households was $81,108. As shown below, the median household income in Campbell was comparable to that in San Jose, and about 11% less than the median household income for Santa Clara County. The median household incomes for Campbell and several surrounding cities are shown in Figure A-9. Figure A-9: Median Household Income Source: 2012 American Community Survey Income Definitions The State and Federal government classify household income into several groupings based upon the relationship to the County Adjusted Median Income (AMI), adjusted for household size. The State of California utilizes the income groups presented in Table A-10. However, federal housing programs utilize slightly different income groupings and definitions with the highest income category beginning about 95 percent of the County AMI. For purposes of the Housing Element, the State income definitions are used throughout, except for the data that have been compiled by the Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). When the Federal criteria are used, this fact will be specifically noted. Table A-10: State Income Categories Income Category % Countywide Adjusted Median Income Extremely Low 0-30% AMI Very Low 0-50% AMI Low 51-80% AMI Moderate 81-120% AMI Above Moderate 120%+ AMI Source: Section 5000093 of the California Health and Safety Code $- $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $180,000 City of Campbell Town of Los Gatos City of San Jose City of Santa Clara City of Saratoga Santa Clara County City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 9 Households by Income Levels According to information compiled for the Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy, 69% of the households in the City of Campbell are in the Moderate Income and Above Moderate Income categories. While the absolute number of these households has increased since 1990, the relative percentage of these higher income households has declined since 1990 (from 70.9% to 68.8%). The number of households by the four income categories is depicted in Table A-11. Table A-11: Household Income Levels-City of Campbell Income Level 1990 2000 2010 Households Percent Households Percent Households Percent Extremely Low Income (<30% AMI) 1,599 10% 1,636 10% 2,015 12% Very Low Income (31-50% AMI) 1,513 10% 1,559 10% 1,680 10% Low Income (51-80% AMI) 1,341 9% 1,629 10% 1,395 9% Moderate Income and above (Greater than 80% AMI) 10,859 71% 11,089 70% 11,215 69% Total 15,312 100% 15,913 100% 16,305 100% Source: 2000, 2010 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy, (http://socds.huduser.org/chas/reports). This decrease in the Moderate Income and Above Moderate Income categories has been paired with a noticeable increase in the Extremely Low Income category. Between 1990 and 2010, the number of Extremely Low Income Households increase from 1,599 to 2,015. Of the nearly one thousand households added to City between 1990 and 2010, most of the growth occurred in either the Extremely Low or the Moderate Income and Above Moderate Income categories. This indicates that while much of the community is economically prosperous, there continues to be increased affordability issues for the Extremely Low Households. Income by Household Tenure Table A-12 shows the income level of Campbell residents by household tenure. A significantly higher percentage of renter households (51%) were in the lower income categories (with household incomes less 80% of the AMI) compared to residents who owned their homes (20%). In contrast, the 41% of rental households and 19% of owner households were in the lower incomes categories in 2010. The presence of approximately 2,500 extremely low and very low income renter households is of particular significance as market rents in Campbell exceed the level of affordability for these households. Table A-12: Income by Owner / Renter Tenure in 2010-City of Campbell Income Levels Renters Owners Combined Total Households Percent Households Percent Extremely Low Income (<30% AMI) 1,495 19% 520 6% 12% Very Low Income (31-50% AMI) 1,030 13% 650 8% 10% Low Income (51-80% AMI) 910 19% 485 6% 9% Moderate Income and above (>80% AMI) 4,365 56% 6,850 81% 69% Total 7,800 100% 8,505 100% 100% Percent of Total Households 48% 52% Source: Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy, 2010. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 10 The Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy identifies four conditions that create severe housing problems. These four conditions are: incomplete kitchen facilities, incomplete plumbing facilities, more than one and a half persons per room, and cost burdens of greater than 50% of the household income. According to the 2010 Census, less than 2% of the units had incomplete kitchen or plumbing features. This means that the vast majority of the housing issues identified in the Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy are related to the cost burden of housing and the number of persons living in the unit (which can also be an indicator of a higher cost burden for housing). As described in Table A-13, 43% of renter households and 38% of owner households spend more than 30% of their income on housing costs each week, while 19% of renter households and 16% of owner households spend more than 50% of their income on housing in 2010. The high incidence of lower income renter households is of particular significance as market rents in Campbell exceed the level of affordability for lower income households, discussed in greater detail in the Housing Affordability Section of this Needs Assessment. Table A-13: Housing Cost Burden by Tenure in 2010 Housing Cost Burden (as a Percentage of Income) Renter Households Owner Households Total Households Households Percent Households Percent Households Percent Less than 30% 4,340 56% 5,270 62% 9,610 59% 30% to 50% 1,870 24% 1,875 22% 3,745 23% Greater than 50% 1,510 19% 1,350 16% 2,860 18% Not Available 85 1% 10 0% 95 <1% Total 7,805 8,505 16,310 100% Percent of Total Households 48% 52% Source: ABAG, 2013 City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 11 C. Special Needs Groups Certain groups have greater difficulty in finding decent, affordable housing due to their special needs and/or circumstances. Special circumstances may be related to one’s employment and income, disability, or household characteristics. As a result, certain segments of Campbell residents may be more likely to have lower- incomes, overpayment, over- crowding, or other housing problems. State Housing Element law identifies the following “special needs” groups: senior households, disabled persons, large families, female-headed households, families and persons in need of emergency shelter, and farm workers. This section provides a detailed discussion of the housing needs of each particular group as well as the major programs and services available to address their housing and supportive services needs. Table A-14 summarizes the special needs populations in the City of Campbell. Senior Households Senior households typically have special housing needs due to three primary concerns – income, housing and health care costs, and physical disabilities. Seniors are typically on fixed incomes, therefore an increase in rents can have a considerable impact on extremely low income senior renters. Senior homeowners with extremely low incomes also face significant needs related to maintaining their homes. According to the 2010 Census, seniors (age 65 and older) comprise 11 percent of the City’s households. Some of the special needs of seniors are as follows:  Disabilities: Of Campbell’s senior population, 36 percent (1,569 persons) have a work disability and/or self-care or mobility limitation.  Limited Income: Many seniors have limited income available for healthcare and other expenses. Because of their retired status, 57 percent of Campbell’s senior households earn extremely low to very low-incomes (<50% AMI). An increase of about 7 percent since 2000. Table A-14: Special Needs Groups Special Needs Groups Persons Households Percent* Seniors (65+) 4,394 11% With a disability 1,569 {36%} Senior Households 2,824 17% Renter (1,055) {37%} Owner (1,769) {63%} Seniors living alone 1,346 {47%} Persons with Disability 1 2,857 7% Persons with Developmental Disabilities2 134 <1% Large Households 1,283 8% Renter (602) {47%} Owner (681) {53%} Female-headed Households 1,741 11% With related children (937) {55%} Farmworkers 83 <½% Homeless 3 91 <½% Total Persons / Household 39,349 16,163 Sources: 2010 Census (unless otherwise noted). * Numbers in { } reflect the % of the special needs group, and not the % of the City Population / Households. For example, of the City's large households, 47% are renters and 53% are owners 1. Disabled persons over the age of 5. 2. Persons over the age of 18 with developmental disabilities. 3. 2013 Santa Clara County Homeless Census and Survey. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 12  Overpayment: About half of Campbell’s senior households spend more than one-third of their incomes on housing costs. This problem is particularly acute among renting senior households where nearly 60 percent of these households are comprised of lower income. About two-thirds of elderly households in Campbell are homeowners. Because of physical and/or other limitations, senior homeowners may have difficulty in performing regular home maintenance or repair activities. Furthermore, the installation of grab bars and other assistance devices in the home may be needed. Also, nearly 47 percent of the City’s senior households live alone. In the past there were programs to encourage home sharing and to extend the ability of seniors to remain in their homes. Unfortunately these programs are no longer provided due to funding cutbacks and limitations. Campbell is home to an estimated 1,055 senior renter households. Fifty-seven percent of Senior Households are in the Very Low and Low Income categories. Through the Campbell Senior Center, which caters to seniors over the age of 50, the City also provides programs and services for seniors to facilitate social interaction and foster independence. Services include information and referrals, education classes, physical, leisure activities and social activities, transportation assistance and lunches. The Senior Center is a nutrition site under the Countywide Senior Nutrition Program, where congregate meals are made available to persons over the age of 60. There are two Meals on Wheels Programs serving residents in Campbell, one through the Council on Aging and the other through Health Trust Programs. These programs provide hot or ready meals for homebound seniors who have difficulty cooking or shopping for themselves. The Adult Center services also include providing a case manager who provides in-home, comprehensive social service assistance, to the City’s isolated, low- income, at-risk elderly; employment/housing referrals and seasonal homeowners and renters’ assistance. Persons with Disabilities A disability is defined as a long lasting condition that impairs an individual’s mobility, ability to work, or ability to care for themselves. Persons with disabilities include those with physical, mental, or emotional issues that make it difficult to live without special assistance or attention. Persons with disabilities often have special housing needs because of their fixed income, the lack of accessible and affordable housing, and the higher living and health costs associated with their disability. In 2011, a total of 2,857 persons with disabilities resided in Campbell, representing about eight percent of the City’s population over the age of five. Of these persons with disabilities, approximately 38 percent of these residents are faced with mobility/self care limitations, 20 percent have physical limitations, and the remaining 42 percent have both sensory and mental disabilities. Of the City’s senior population, over one-third has one or more types of disabilities. The living arrangement of disabled persons depends on the severity of the disability. Many persons live at home in an independent fashion or with other family members. To maintain independent living, disabled persons may need assistance. This can include special housing design features for the disabled, income support for those who are unable to work, and in-home supportive services for persons with medical conditions among others. Accessible housing can also be provided via senior housing developments. Campbell has adopted Reasonable Accommodation procedures to facilitate zoning modifications for persons with disabilities. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 13 The State of California Community Care Licensing Division identifies three adult residential facilities in Campbell that provide 24-hour non-medical care for adults ages 18-59 who are unable to provide for their own daily needs. The Silicon Valley Independent Living Center (SVILC) provides a variety of services to persons with disabilities in Santa Clara County. SVILC serves over 1,000 County residents annually. Services offered include: information and referral, vocational training and placement, residential training, legal and personal advocacy, peer and individual counseling, housing referrals, and personal assistance referrals and placement. To help its clients locate affordable, accessible housing, SVILC maintain a database of accessible and subsidized housing throughout Santa Clara County. Rental assistance through the County Housing Authority also helps disabled persons afford housing in Campbell. Transportation service for persons with disabilities is available through OUTREACH paratransit, a non-profit agency, operating as the ADA paratransit broker for the Valley Transportation Authority (VTA). OUTREACH is based on a reservation system with clients making reservations for trips one day to 14 days in advance. This service is provided with taxies or accessible vans. Persons with Developmental Disabilities A development disability is defined as a disabling condition that originated before an individual become 18 years old, and continues, or can be expected to continue, indefinitely, and constitutes a substantial disability for that individual. Developmental disabilities include mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and autism, as well as the disabling conditions found to be closely related to mental retardation (or that require treatment similar to individuals with mental retardation), but does not include other handicapping conditions that are solely physical in nature (though some developmentally disabled persons may also have physical disabilities). According to the State Department of Developmental Services there are 134 developmentally disabled persons over the age of 17 in Postal Code 95008. Postal Code 95008 encompasses over 98% of the incorporated City and is representative of the City of Campbell as a whole. For all persons with developmental disabilities in Postal Code 95008, 71% live at home with a parent, family member or guardian, 13% live in community care facilities, while 10% live in an independent supported living facility. The remaining 6% have a variety of other less common living arrangements. Many of the organizations that provide support to persons with disabilities also provide assistance to persons with developmental disabilities. According to the State Department of Social Services there are three Adult Residential Facilities for Persons with Special Care Needs in Postal Code 95008. These three facilities have a total capacity of 15 beds. The Zoning Ordinance allows in-home care facilities for less than 6 persons as a permitted use in all residential zones. In-home care facilities designed to accommodate up to 12 beds are allowed with a conditional use permit in all residential zones. Campbell has also adopted Reasonable Accommodation procedures that can also facilitate zoning modifications for the families and caretakers of persons with developmental disabilities. Large Households Large households are defined as having five or more members residing in the home. These households constitute a special needs group, because there is often a limited supply of adequately sized, affordable housing units in a community. In order to save for other basic necessities of food, clothing and medical care, it is common for lower-income large households to reside in smaller units, which frequently results in overcrowding. To accommodate larger households, units with three or more bedrooms are generally appropriate for large households. According to the 2010 Census, Campbell is home to 1,283 Large City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 14 Households, or about eight percent of all households. Fifty-three percent (681) of large households live in owner occupied units while 47 percent (602) of large households live in renter-occupied units. Approximately 48 percent (7,811) of all housing units in Campbell have three or more bedrooms. While the total number of larger units appears to be adequate to accommodate large households, virtually all of the available units require at least Above Moderate Incomes to afford. According to the recent home and condominium sales (Table A-20), 88% of all units sold in 2013 had 3 or more bedrooms. However, the median sale price for a 3-bedroom home in Campbell in 2013 was $750,000, this equates to a minimum household income of over $165,000 per year to meet State’s affordability criteria. This minimum household income is well above the median household income for Campbell residents. Large households renting housing have a similar, though different, problem. In contrast, according to the recent rental survey (Table A-21), only 12% of the available for rent units had 3 or more bedrooms. However, with median rents for 3-bedroom apartments at $2,900 and median rents for 3-bedroom homes at $3,350 (when these larger units are available), the affordability of large rental units for even Moderate Income households remains an issue. Because of limited availability, combined with limited affordability, lower income large households will have difficulty finding housing in Campbell. Female-headed Households Female-headed households with children often require special consideration and assistance as a result of their greater need for affordable housing, accessible day care, health care, and other supportive services. Because of their relatively lower incomes and higher living expenses, such households usually have more limited opportunities for finding affordable, decent, and safe housing. Campbell is home to 1,741 female-headed households, of which 54% have children under 18 years old. Of those households with children, 10% had incomes below poverty level. This is in contrast to the general population where only 3% had incomes below the poverty level and 9% of female-headed households without children had incomes below the poverty level. These households are a particularly vulnerable group because the household head must try to balance the needs of their children with work and other household responsibilities. Homeless Persons The 2013 Homeless Census and Survey for Santa Clara County were conducted on January 29 and 30, 2013. The 2013 Census and Survey involved two components: 1) a point-in-time count of unsheltered and sheltered homeless, and 2) one-on-one interviews with about 850 homeless. The comprehensive, two-day homeless count identified approximately 5,600 homeless people on the streets, and an additional 2,000 people in emergency shelters, transitional housing, and domestic violence shelters. Key findings of the homeless count and supplementary interviews include:  56 percent indicated they had been homeless for more than one year.  Approximately half of those surveyed indicated that this was their first experience being homeless.  About two-thirds of the homeless identified as male.  Only 25 percent of the County’s homeless lived in formal shelters or transitional housing. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 15  Over one-third of the County’s homeless were living in vehicles and encampments and almost one-third were living on the street.  40 percent of survey respondents indicated the primary cause of their homelessness was due to the loss of a job and 17 percent indicating alcohol or drug use was the primary factor.  About two-thirds of respondents indicated they were experiencing one or more disabling conditions with 35 percent reported experiencing some form of mental illness. Within the City of Campbell, the 2013 Homeless Census and Survey identified 91 homeless people, a decrease of 12 persons from the 2011 Survey. Despite the recent decrease in the number of homeless individuals in Campbell, the total number of homeless persons has stayed relatively constant ranging between 90 and 105 individuals. All of the homeless individuals identified in the Survey were unsheltered because there are no homeless shelters within the City. There are three major types of facilities that provide shelter for homeless individuals and families: emergency shelters, transitional housing, and permanent housing. These types of facilities are defined below:  Emergency Shelter: provides overnight shelter and fulfills a client’s basic needs (i.e. food, clothing, and medical care) either on-site or through off-site services. The permitted length of stay can vary from one day at a time to two months, depending upon whether the shelter is short-term or long- term.  Transitional Housing: a residence that provides housing for up to two years. Residents of transitional housing are usually connected to rehabilitative services, including substance abuse and mental health care interventions, employment services, individual and group counseling and life skills training.  Permanent Housing: refers to permanent housing that is affordable in the community or permanent and service-enriched permanent housing that is linked with on-going supportive services (on-site or off-site) and is designed to allow formerly homeless clients to live at the facility on an indefinite basis. As a smaller city, Campbell does not have any permanent emergency shelters. Numerous regional service providers serve the homeless in the greater San Jose area. Homeless individuals identified in Campbell are usually referred to one of the emergency shelters located nearby. As the Santa Clara County’s largest provider of shelters and services for the homeless, EHC Home First provides emergency shelters, transitional and permanent housing and support services through a network of program locations throughout the County. InnVision operates four inns in San Jose, which provide to a variety of persons in need, including working men, women and children, and mentally ill persons. InnVision serves clients in Campbell based on the availability of space in the inns at San Jose. However, if there are no available spaces, clients get referred to any one of the 20 sites of InnVision, some of which are located outside of San Jose. As exhibited in Table A-15, EHC and InnVision provide a significant number of beds in transitional housing facilities and emergency shelters for the homeless. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 16 Table A-15: Homeless Facilities/Providers in Nearby Areas Facility Beds Clients Location Emergency Shelter Asian Americans for Community Involvement 12 Women with children San Jose City Team Rescue Mission 50 Single men San Jose Cold Weather Shelter (EHC) 125 Single men and women Sunnyvale Community Homeless Alliance Ministry 21 Single women and women with children San Jose Hospitality House, Salvation Army 22 Single men San Jose Sobrato House Youth Center (EHC) 10 Homeless and run-away youth San Jose San Jose Family Shelter 143 Families San Jose West Valley Community Services 15 Single men Cupertino Emergency Shelter/Transitional Housing InnVision – Commercial Street Inn, Community Inn, Julian Street Inn, and Montgomery Street Inns 212 Working men, women and children, and mentally ill men & women San Jose James Boccardo Reception Center (EHC) 370 Single adults and families (including veterans and migrant workers) San Jose Next Door – Women with Children 19 Women and children – victims of domestic violence San Jose Transitional Housing Bill Wilson Center 18 Families with children and youth Sunnyvale City Team Ministries 82 Single men and women San Jose St. Joseph’s Cathedral, Social Ministry Office 45 Worker housing, men, women and children San Jose Salvation Army Hospitality House 46 Single men San Jose West Valley Community Services 22 Single men Cupertino InnVision – InnVision Villa 55 Single women San Jose YWCA – Villa Nueva 63 Women and children San Jose Permanent Housing Catholic Charities of San Jose 54 Single men and women San Jose Charities Housing Development Corp. 36 Single women and families with children San Jose InnVision – Alexander House, Sunset Square, and North Co 71 Single women and families with children San Jose Markham Terrace (EHC) 95 Men & women San Jose Pensione Esperanza SRO (Catholic Charities) 109 Men & women San Jose Sobrato House Youth Center 9 Apts Youth San Jose Sources: Santa Clara County 2010-2015 Consolidated Plan; San Jose 2010-2015 Consolidated Plan. Farmworkers Farmworkers are traditionally defined as persons whose primary incomes are earned through seasonal agricultural labor. They have special housing needs because of their relatively low income and the unstable nature of their job (i.e. having to move throughout the year from one harvest to the next). According to the 2010 Census, there were 83 Campbell residents employed in farming, forestry, and fishing occupations. These individuals accounted for less than one percent of the City’s total employed residents. Given that there are so few persons employed in agricultural-related industries, the City can address their specific housing needs through its overall housing programs. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 17 3. Housing Stock Characteristics This section of the Housing Element addresses various housing characteristics and conditions that affect the well-being of City residents. Housing factors evaluated include the following: housing stock and growth, tenure and vacancy rates, age and condition, housing costs, and affordability, among others. A. Housing Growth As of January 2013, the State Department of Finance estimates identified 17,301 housing units in Campbell. Between 1990 and 2000, the City’s housing stock increased by less than three percent, with an additional 3.8% increase from 2000-2010. Figure A-16 compares Campbell’s housing growth during the past two decades with nearby communities and the County as a whole. As shown, housing growth levels in Campbell are similar to the comparably small-sized cities of Saratoga and Los Gatos. In contrast, the larger cities of San Jose and Santa Clara are where much of the housing growth has occurred in the recent decades. Figure A-16: Housing Growth Trends – Percent Change Over Each Decade B. Housing Age and Condition Housing age is an important indicator of housing condition within a community. Like any other tangible asset, housing is subject to gradual deterioration over time. If not properly and regularly maintained, housing can deteriorate and discourage reinvestment, depress neighboring property values and eventually impact the quality of life in a neighborhood. Thus maintaining and improving housing quality is an important goal for the City. 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% Campbell Los Gatos Saratoga Santa Clara San Jose Santa Clara County 1990 - 2000 2000 - 2010 City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 18 Figure A-17 provides a breakdown of the housing stock by the year built from the 2010 Census. As of 2010, 77 percent of housing units in Campbell are over 30 years old and 28 percent of the total housing stock is over 50 years old. A general rule in the housing industry is that structures older than 30 years begin to show signs of deterioration and require reinvestment to maintain their quality. Unless properly maintained, homes older than 50 years require major renovations to remain in good working order. Comprising the southwestern quadrant of the City, the San Tomas Area is one of the older neighborhoods in Campbell and has the greatest rehabilitation needs. In recent years, with the recovery of the economy, there has been an increase in owner reinvestment into some older homes in this area to address individual rehabilitation needs. This trend is expected to continue through the period of this Housing Element. Figure A-17: Age of Housing Stock The City administers a Code Enforcement program that aims to preserve and maintain the livability and quality of neighborhoods. The City received targeted CDBG funding for a code enforcement program in the identified low-income areas of the City. Code enforcement staff investigates violations of property maintenance standards as defined in the Municipal Code as well as other complaints. C. Housing Type and Tenure Table A-18 presents the mix of housing types in Campbell. Of the City’s nearly 17,000 housing units in 2010, 58 percent were single-family homes (including attached and detached) and 40 percent were multi- family units. The City also contains over 300 mobile homes, comprising two percent of the City’s housing. The vacancy rate in Campbell is currently estimated at 4.6%. 0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%20.0%25.0% 2000 to 2009 1990 to 1999 1980 to 1989 1970 to 1979 1960 to 1969 1950 to 1959 1940 to 1949 1939 or earlier City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 19 Table A-18: Housing Type Housing Type 2000 2010 No. of Units % of Total No. of Units % of Total Single-Family 8,846 53% 9,852 58% Detached (6,863) 41% (7,628) 45% Attached (1,983) 12% (2,224) 13% Multi Family 7,224 45% 6,782 40% 2-4 Units (2,451) 14% (2,018) 12% 5+ Units (4,773) 31% (4,764) 28% Mobile Homes/Other 278 2% 316 2% Total Units 16,348 100% 16,950 100% Vacancy Rate 2.20% 4.64% Sources: Census 2000, State Department of Finance 2010 – Population and Housing Estimates Note: The 2000 Census includes other units such as RV, Boat, Van etc within Mobile Home category According to the Department of Finance, since 2010 Campbell has added 52 additional Single Family Detached Units and 27 Single Family Attached Units, or approximately 28 new units per year. This is a slightly slower rate of growth than was seen between 2000 and 2010, when an average of 60 new units were constructed each year. This slowdown in the construction of new housing is not unexpected since the lingering effects of The Great Recession halted new home construction between 2007 and 2010. As the economy continues to improve the number of new housing units is expected to return to their former levels. The most recent vacancy information provided by the Bureau of the Census identified a total of 426 vacant units in Campbell. Sixty percent of these units were identified as rental housing. The remaining units were identified as either seasonal, recreational, or occasional use properties. Housing tenure refers to whether a housing unit is owned, rented or is vacant. Tenure is an important indicator of the housing climate of a community, reflecting the relative cost of housing opportunities, and the ability of residents to afford housing. Tenure also influences residential mobility, with owner units generally evidencing lower turnover rates than rental housing. The housing tenure trends since 1990 are depicted in Table A-19. Table A-19: Housing Tenure – Occupied Units Occupied Housing Units 1990 2000 2010 Santa Clara County 2010 Units Percent Units Percent Units Percent Owner 7,199 47% 7,748 48% 8,093 50% 58% Renter 8,107 53% 8,242 52% 8,070 50% 42% Total 15,306 100% 15,990 100% 16,163 100% 100% Sources: 1990, 2000, 2010 Census. According to the 2010 Census, a little over half of Campbell’s housing units were owner occupied, a shift in the historic tenure pattern where more residential units were renter occupied versus owner occupied. However, the percent of ownership in Campbell is still less than the 58 percent ownership rate Countywide. This is most likely because much of the newer housing in Campbell has been higher density (and more commonly rental housing). City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 20 D. Housing Costs and Affordability The cost of housing is directly related to extent of housing problems in a community. If housing costs are relatively high in comparison to household income, there will be a correspondingly higher prevalence of overpayment and overcrowding. This section summarizes the cost and affordability of the housing stock to Campbell residents. Sales Survey Table A-20 provides information on all sales of existing and new single-family homes and condominiums in Postal Code 95008 within the Campbell city limits during 2013. Postal Code 95008 encompasses over 98% of the incorporated City and is representative of the City of Campbell as a whole. The information summarized in Table A-20 also excludes several larger parcels that appeared to have been priced for future subdivision purposes. A total of 292 single-family home sales were recorded during this period, with nearly 60 percent comprised of three bedroom units. Median sales prices ranged from $680,000 for two-bedroom units to $1,125,000 for five (or more) bedrooms with sale prices varying significantly based on location. The average age of the units sold were generally representative of the overall housing stock where most of the homes in Campbell were built between 1950 and 1989. Unit sizes were relatively modest, averaging only 1,730 square feet on typical 7,000 to 9,000 square foot residential lots. The overall median price for a home sold in 2013 was $810,000. This median priced unit had three bedrooms and was built in the 1960s. Single family homes in Campbell are generally not affordable to modest income households. Table A-20: Survey of Recent Home and Condominium Sales Prices, January – December 2013 Number of Bedrooms Units Sold Price Range Median Price Average Unit Size* Average Lot Size Average Year Built Single-Family Homes 2 34 $215,000 - $1,075,000 $680,000 1,185 sq. ft. 8,560 sq. ft. 1942 3 167 $193,500 - $1,785,000 $750,000 1,531 sq. ft. 7,280 sq. ft. 1964 4 71 $208,000 - $1,870,000 $868,000 2,127 sq. ft. 8,570 sq. ft. 1968 5+ 20 $233,500 - $1,653,000 $1,125,000 2,935 sq. ft. 10,040 sq. ft. 1978 Total 292 $150,000 - $1,870,000 $810,000 1,732 sq. ft. 7,970 sq. ft. 1964 Condominiums 1 10 $275,000 - $460,000 $321,500 817 sq. ft. -- 1980 2 91 $265,000 - $725,000 $490,000 1,151 sq. ft. -- 1982 3 41 $206,000 - $795,000 $635,000 1,567 sq. ft. -- 1989 4 4 $590,000 - $810,000 $664,000# 1,554 sq. ft. -- 1973 Total 146 $206,000 - $810,000 $515,000 1,256 sq. ft. -- 1981 Source: Dataquick On-Line Real Estate Database: 1/1/13-12/30/13. * Does not count the area of the garage. # Because of a small sample size the median price was not representative, so a mean value is used instead. Approximately one-third of all units sold in Campbell during calendar year 2013 were condominiums. The median sales prices for condominiums ranged from $321,500 to $664,000 (for the one- and four-bedroom units, respectively), with an overall median price of $515,000. In comparison, median sale price for a condominium documented in Campbell’s 2009 Housing Element was $505,000, indicating little increase City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 21 in sales prices over the past four to five years. Whereas the vast majority of single-family homes were three and four bedroom units, condominiums were predominately two and three-bedroom units, selling for significantly less than similarly sized single-family homes. Condominiums in Campbell are thus helping to fill a gap for smaller, less expensive ownership housing in the City and are generally affordable for Moderate Income households. Rental Survey Current rental housing costs in Campbell were obtained through a rent survey compiled from internet sources on January 13 and 27, 2014. Table A-21 enumerates the rental ranges, as well as the median rents, for apartment/townhome units, single family homes, and single rooms for rent in Campbell. This data was assembled from over 60 advertised rental reviewed during the second half of January 2014. The median rents for apartment units in Campbell range from $1,400 for a studio, $1,725 for a one- bedroom unit, $2,070 for a two-bedroom unit, up to $2,900 for a three-bedroom unit. The most commonly available apartments have two bedrooms. For the single family homes, the costs to rent a three bedroom single family home overlaps with the rental rates for the three bedroom apartments and townhouses. The monthly rental rates for single family homes range from $2,800 to nearly $4,000 per month. The majority of available single family homes are three-bedroom units with either one or two bathrooms. It is also interesting to note that while nearly half of all residential units in Campbell have three or more bedrooms, this category represents the least available type of rental housing with a pattern of longer tenure and less frequent turnover. Housing Affordability Housing affordability can be inferred by comparing the cost of renting or owning a home in Campbell with the maximum affordable housing costs to households which earn different income levels. Taken together, this information can provide a picture of who can afford what size and type of housing as well as indicate the type of households that would likely experience overcrowding or overpayment. Affordable Ownership Housing Cost California Health and Safety Code (Section 50052.5) defines affordable owner housing costs as follows:  Housing costs consist of mortgage debt service, homeowner association dues, insurance, utility allowance and property taxes.  Affordable costs are up to 35 percent of the defined household income. Table A-21: Survey of Vacant Rental Units Unit Type & Bedrooms Number Available Rental Range Median Rent Rooms for Rent - 5 $675 - $1,620 $980 Apartments / Townhomes Studio 3 $1,250 - $1,645 $1,400 1 13 $1,495 - $2,205 $1,725 2 31 $1,595 - $2,845 $2,070 3 5 $2,100 - $3,555 $2,900 Single Family Homes 2 & 3 5 $2,800 - $3,795 $3,350 4+ 2 $3,200 - $3,995 $3,700 Sources: Padmapper.com, Trulio.com, Realtor.com, Zillow.com, & Bay4Rent.com on January 14, 2014 and January 27, 2014 City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 22  Affordable costs for moderate income households are based on a standard of 110 percent of Area Median Income (AMI) for a household size equal to one more person than the number of bedrooms in the unit. The federal Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) conducts annual household income surveys nationwide, including Santa Clara County, to determine the maximum affordable payments of different households and their eligibility for federal housing assistance. The 2013 median Income Limits for a four-person household in Santa Clara County is $116,050. Based on these definitions of income and affordable housing cost, Table A-22 presents the maximum affordable purchase price for moderate income households (110% AMI), and compares this with market sales prices for single-family homes and condominiums in Campbell as previously documented in Table A-20. Table A-22: 2013 Maximum Affordable Housing Cost (Moderate Income), Santa Clara County Moderate Income Affordable Housing Cost 1 Bedroom (2 persons) 2 Bedroom (3 persons) 3 Bedroom (4 persons) 4 Bedroom (5 persons) Moderate Income Threshold (110% County Median) $92,840 $104,500 $116,050 $125,290 Max. Income Towards Housing @ 35% Income $32,500 $36,580 $40,620 $43,850 Max. Monthly Housing Cost $2,710 $3,050 $3,385 $3,655 Less Ongoing Monthly Expenses: Utilities ($127) ($139) ($188) ($217) Property Taxes (1.1% affordable hsg price) ($387) ($440) ($485) ($523) Insurance ($85) ($100) ($115) ($130) HOA Fees & Other ($180) ($180) ($180) ($180) Monthly Income Available for Mortgage $1,931 $2,191 $2,417 $2,605 Supportable Mortgage @ 4.5% interest $381,000 $432,000 $477,000 $514,000 Homebuyer Down payment (10%) $42,000 $48,000 $53,000 $57,000 Maximum Affordable Purchase Price $423,000 $480,000 $530,000 $571,000 Campbell Median Single-Family Price None Available $680,000 $750,000 $868,000 Campbell Median Condominium Price $321,500 $490,000 $635,000 $664,000 Source: Karen Warner Associates, 2014. Utility costs based on 2013 Santa Clara County Housing Authority utility allowance schedule for attached units (assumes gas heating, cooking and water heating). As illustrated, median single-family home prices in Campbell are well beyond the Ievel of affordability for Moderate Income households. For example, the maximum affordable purchase price for a moderate income four person household is $530,000, whereas the median priced three bedroom home in Campbell is $750,000, an affordability gap of $220,000. However, condominiums are still within close reach for households earning moderate incomes. As shown in Table A-22, the maximum affordable purchase price for a three person household is $480,000, whereas the median priced two-bedroom condominium in Campbell sells for $490,000, an affordability gap of just $10,000. However if housing costs continue to rise faster than the household incomes, these presently affordable condominium units will become less affordable over time. A first-time homebuyer program implemented by Santa Clara County can provide assistance to moderate income households to close this affordability gap. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 23 Affordable Renter Housing Cost California Health and Safety Code (Section 50053) defines affordable renter housing costs as follows:  Housing costs include rent plus utilities paid for by the tenant.  Affordable rent is up to 30 percent of the defined household income.  Affordable rents are based on a standard of 50 percent of AMI for very low income households; 60 percent of AMI for low income households; and 110 percent AMI for moderate income households for a household size equal to one more person than the number of bedrooms in the unit. Table A-23 presents the maximum affordable rents for very low, low and moderate income households by household size, and compares these income levels with median room and apartment rents in Campbell. For Very Low Income wage earners, there is little affordable rental housing in Campbell. Even the median price for individual rooms for rent exceeds the affordability levels for Very Low Income households. For Low Income households, while studio units are generally affordable, the larger the units size, the greater the affordability gap. This is a particular burden for Low Income families requiring units with two or more bedrooms. Apartment rents in Campbell are affordable to Moderate Income households regardless of the unit size. Table A-23: 2013 Maximum Affordable Rents, Santa Clara County Income Level1 Maximum Affordable Rent After Utilities Allowance2 Studio (1 person) 1 Bedroom (2 person) 2 Bedroom (3 person) 3 Bedroom (4 person) Very Low Income $845 $964 $1,085 $1,198 Low Income $1,402 $1,600 $1,801 $1,995 Moderate Income $2,132 $2,435 $2,739 $3,037 Campbell Median Apartment Rents $1,400 $1,725 $2,070 $2,900 Source: Karen Warner Associates, 2014. 1 Income levels based on State HCD published Income Limits for 2013. 2 Utility costs based on 2013 Santa Clara County Housing Authority utility allowance schedule for low-rise multi-family units (gas heating, cooking and water heating; assumes monthly refuse service included in rent): $83 for studios, $97 for 1 bedrooms, $109 for 2 bedrooms, and $128 for 3 bedrooms. E. Assisted Rental Housing State Housing Element law requires an analysis of the potential for currently rent-restricted low income housing units to convert to market rate housing, and to propose programs to preserve or replace any units “at-risk” of conversion. This section presents an inventory of all assisted rental housing in Campbell, and evaluates those units at risk of conversion during the ten year, 2015-2025 planning period. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 24 Assisted Housing Inventory Table A-24 is an inventory of assisted rental housing projects in Campbell. A total of 747 assisted units are provided in twelve developments, including units assisted through a variety of federal and local government programs/funds. These programs include HUD Section 8, Section 221 and Section 236, CDBG, and the City’s Inclusionary Housing requirement. Table A-24: Inventory of Assisted Rental Housing Project Name Ownership Total Units Assisted Units Household Type Funding Source(s) Affordability Period Corinthian House Non-Profit 104 36 Elderly & Disabled Section 8; Section 221(d)(3) Continual Renewal Rincon Gardens Housing Authority 200 198 Elderly & Disabled Section 8 Continual Renewal Wesley Manor Non-Profit 156 156 Elderly & Disabled Section 8 Continual Renewal Sharmon Palms Non-Profit 60 60 Family RDA* 2063 Avalon Bay For-Profit 348 70 Family & Elderly RDA* 2026 Gateway For-Profit 20 3 Family & Elderly RDA* 2026 El Parador For-Profit 125 124 Elderly & Disabled Section 8 Continual Renewal San Tomas Gardens Non-Profit 100 94 Family Section 236; Catholic Charities 2029 Downtown Mixed-Use For-Profit 20 3 Family Inclusionary Requirement 2062 Fairlands Court Non-Profit 1 1 (5 seniors) Elderly CDBG; Section 8 Perpetuity Pollard Non-Profit 1 1 (5 seniors) Elderly RDA*; HOME; CDBG Perpetuity Llewellyn Non-Profit 1 1 (5 seniors) Elderly CDBG Perpetuity TOTAL 1,136 747 Source: Community Development Department, City of Campbell, 2014. * Funded through the City RDA prior to its dissolution in 2012. At-Risk Projects This section evaluates those lower income rental projects in Campbell at-risk of converting to market-rate uses prior to January 31, 2025. Of the 747 assisted units identified in Table A-24, 390 units in two projects are determined to be at low risk of conversion over the next ten year period: Corinthian House, Rincon Gardens and Wesley Manor. All of these projects maintain Section 8 project-based Housing Assistance Plan (HAP) contracts with HUD subject to periodic renewals. To maintain the existing affordable housing stock, the City must either preserve the existing assisted units or facilitate the development of new units. Depending on the circumstances of at-risk projects, different options may be used to preserve or replace the units. Preservation options can include transferring the project to non-profit ownership, providing rental assistance to tenants using non-federal funding sources, and/or purchasing affordability covenants. In terms of replacement, the most direct option is the development of new assisted multi-family housing units. These options are described below. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 25 o Transfer of Ownership: Transferring ownership of an at-risk project to a non-profit housing provider is generally one of the least costly ways to ensure that the at-risk units remain affordable for the long term. By transferring property ownership to a non-profit organization, low-income restrictions can be secured indefinitely and the project would become potentially eligible for a greater range of governmental assistance. This preservation option is, however, not applicable in Campbell because both at-risk projects are already owned by non-profit organizations. These projects are determined to be at “low” risk of conversion largely due to their non-profit status. o Rental Assistance: If Section 8 rent subsidies are terminated at the federal level, rent subsidies using alternative State or local funding sources could be used to maintain affordability of the 390 at-risk units. Subsidies could be structured similar to the federal Section 8 program, where HUD pays the owners the difference between what tenants can afford to pay (30% of household income) and what HUD estimates as the Fair Market Rent (FMR) on the unit. The feasibility of this alternative depends upon the availability of non-federal funding sources necessary to make rent subsidies available and the willingness of property owners to accept rental vouchers if they can be provided. Table A-25 shows the total cost of subsidizing the rents at all at-risk units currently assisted through the Section 8 program. As indicated below, the total cost of providing rent subsidizes to all 190 at-risk units in Campbell (the difference between HUD Fair Market Rents and maximum affordable rents to Very Low Income households) is generally estimated at about $55,000 per month or $660,000 annually, translating to roughly $13 million over a 20-year period. Another way rent subsidies could be structured is as a rent buy-down. This would involve the City or County providing a one-time assistance loan to the property owner to cover the present value of the decrease in rents associated with the extended affordability term compared with market rents achievable on the units. This approach offers a benefit to the owner in that they receive cash upfront from the loan. Table A-25: Rental Subsidies Required Unit Size Total Units* 2013 Voucher Payment Standard Household Size Very Low Income (50% AMI) Affordable Cost Monthly Per Unit Subsidy Total Monthly Subsidy 0-bedroom 22 $1,135 1 $35,700 $892 $243 $5,346 1-bedroom 168 $1,315 2 $40,800 $1,020 $295 $49,560 Total 190 $54,906 *Corinthian House consists of 22 studio and 14 one-bedroom units. All 154 units in Wesley Manor are one-bedroom units. o Acquisition or Construction of Replacement Units: The construction or purchase of a replacement building is another option to replace at-risk units should they be converted to market-rate units. The cost of developing housing depends upon a variety of factors, including density, size of the units, location, land costs, and type of construction. Using a conservative estimate of total development costs of $250,000 per affordable housing unit, the cost to replace Campbell’s 190 at-risk units can generally be estimated at approximately $48 million. Cost Comparisons: Given their non-profit and public ownership, it is highly unlikely that either of the two “at risk” projects will convert to market-uses. Nevertheless, the above analysis attempts to estimate the cost of preserving the at-risk units under various options. In terms of cost effectiveness, 20 years' worth of rent subsidies ($13 million) is less expensive than the cost of new construction or the purchase of City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 26 replacement units ($48 million). However, long-term affordability of the units cannot be ensured through rent subsidies, unless it was structured as a one-time rent buy-down. The option of acquiring or developing 190 replacement units is very costly and constrained by a variety of factors, including limited purchase opportunities of large multi-family properties and the scarcity of land for new development. The best option to preserve the at-risk units thus appears to be the purchase of affordability covenants through a one-time rent buy-down. Redevelopment Housing Program Funding Because of the loss of Redevelopment Agency (RDA) funding in 2012, the City of Campbell no longer administers the federal Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program. The loss of RDA funding forced the City to eliminate the position of Housing Program Coordinator, who also coordinated CDBG- funded programs. The part-time Housing Program Coordinator implemented many of the City’s housing programs and functions and was partially funded by RDA and CDBG funds. Since 2012, some of the functions and responsibilities of the Housing Program Coordinator were transferred to the City’s Planning Division after the City turned over administration of the CDBG program to Santa Clara County (except for targeted code enforcement and capital improvements for pedestrian accessibility). Consequently Campbell no longer administers any of the CDBG Housing programs (though Campbell still administers the previously awarded RDA/CDBG funded loans). Even though the City no longer administers any of the housing activities funded through CDBG, Campbell residents still have access to rehabilitation and repair funding through Santa Clara County. The City has not yet identified alternative funding sources for the activities previously funded by the RDA Housing Set Aside and CDBG programs. 4. Regional Housing Needs State law requires all regional councils of governments, including the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) to determine the existing and projected housing need for its region (Government Code Section 65580 et. seq.) and determine the portion allocated to each jurisdiction within the ABAG region. This is called the Regional Housing Needs Determination (RHND) process. A. Existing Housing Needs A continuing priority of communities is enhancing or maintaining their quality of life. A key measure of quality of life in a community is the extent of “housing problems.” The federal Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has developed an existing needs statement that details the number of households earning lower income, living in overcrowded conditions, or overpaying for housing. These housing problems are defined as follows:  Lower Income: Refers to a household earning less than 80 percent of the median family income, as adjusted by family size. For a four-person household, the median income was $114,514 for Santa Clara County in 2011 (American Community Survey, 2007-2011).  Overcrowding: Refers to a housing unit which is occupied by more than one person per room, excluding kitchens, bathrooms, hallways, and porches, as defined by HUD. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 27  Overpayment: Refers to a household paying 30 percent or more of its gross income for rent (either mortgage or rent), including costs for utilities, property insurance, and real estate taxes, as defined by HUD. Overcrowding Overcrowding occurs when housing costs are so high relative to income that families double up to devote income to other basic needs of food and medical care. Overcrowding also tends to result in accelerated deterioration of homes, a shortage of street parking, and additional traffic. Therefore, maintaining a reasonable level of occupancy and alleviating overcrowding are critical to enhancing the quality of life in the community. The Census defines overcrowding as an average of more than one person per room in a housing unit (excluding kitchens, porches, and hallways); severe overcrowding is defined as greater than 1.5 persons per room. The incidence of overcrowded housing is a general measure of whether there is an available supply of adequately sized housing units. Table A-26 shows the incidence of overcrowding in Campbell by tenure, as estimated by the Bureau of Census. The prevalence of overcrowding and overpayment is particularly higher among lower-income households, because they have less income for housing costs. Tables A-26 and A-27 document the prevalence of overcrowding and overpayment among all households in Campbell. Table A-26: Overcrowded Households Overcrowding Households Percent Santa Clara County % Owners Overcrowding 175 1% 2% Severe Overcrowding 10 0% <1% Renters Overcrowding 460 3% 3% Severe Overcrowding 70 <1% 2% Total Overcrowding 635 4% 7% Source: Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2008-2012 American Community Survey Note: Severe Overcrowding is a subset of Overcrowding Since 2000, the percentage of overcrowded units has generally declined throughout Santa Clara County. For example, according to the 2000 Census there were over 1,200 overcrowded units in Campbell or about 8 percent of the housing stock. Santa Clara County experienced a more dramatic reduction in overcrowding during this same period, with a reduction from 14 percent to 7 percent. This change is mostly likely due to several factors including: the economic recovery that allowed some people to afford their own housing (rather than sharing with friends and family) and from people moving out of the region during the recession in search for work. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 28 Overpayment Housing overpayment refers to spending more than 30 percent of income on housing; severe overpayment is spending greater than 50 percent. As is the case in throughout the Bay Area, it is not uncommon to overpay for housing in Campbell. However, to the extent that overpayment is often disproportionately concentrated among the most vulnerable members of the community, maintaining a reasonable level of housing cost burden is an important contributor to quality of life. Table A-27 shows the incidence of overpayment in Campbell. Table A-27: Housing Overpayment - Households Overpayment Households Percent Santa Clara County % Owners Total Owner Units 8,505 Overpayment (>30% income on housing) 3,234 38% Lower Income Household Overpayment 994 12% 14% Severe Overpayment (> 50% income on housing) 1,359 16% Lower Income Household Overpayment 784 9% 10% Renter Total Rental Units 7,805 Overpayment (> 30% income on housing) 3,390 43% Lower Income Household Overpayment 2,590 33% 36% Severe Overpayment (> 50% income on housing) 1,510 19% Lower Income Household Overpayment 1,455 19% 21% Total Overpaying Households 6,604 Source: ABAG, 2013 (from CHAS Data Sets Table S10708) Notes: Percentage lower income overpayment reflects % of total lower income households spending > 30% income on housing. Severe Overpayment is a subset of Overpayment According to the most recent information on housing costs, 38 percent of homeowners and 43 percent of renters in Campbell were overpaying for housing, an increase from 2000 by 11 percent and 3 percent, respectively. The level of overpayment is similar to the amount of overpayment Countywide. In terms of overpayment for lower income households, this percentage also increased from 15 percent in 2000 to 19 percent in 2010. Severe overpayment impacts 19 percent of the City’s renters as opposed to only 9 percent of owner households. In terms of lower income (<80% AMI) households, 994 of lower income homeowners and 2,590 lower income renters were faced with overpayment for housing in Campbell. Many of the lower income households also experience severe overpayments for housing. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix A: Housing Needs Assessment Page A 29 B. Future Housing Needs California’s Housing Element law requires that each city and county develop local housing programs to meet its “fair share” of existing and future housing needs for all income groups, as determined by the jurisdiction’s Council of Governments. This “fair share” allocation concept seeks to ensure that each jurisdiction accepts responsibility for the housing needs of not only its resident population, but also for the jurisdiction’s projected share of regional housing growth across all income categories. Regional growth needs are defined as the number of units that would have to be added in each jurisdiction to accommodate the forecasted number of households, as well as the number of units that would have to be added to compensate for anticipated demolitions and changes to achieve an “ideal” vacancy rate. In the Bay Area region, the agency responsible for assigning these regional housing needs to each jurisdiction is the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG). The regional growth allocation process begins with the State Department of Finance’s projections of population and associated of housing demand for the planning period. ABAG is responsible for allocating the region’s projected housing needs among its jurisdictions by income category. This is referred to as the Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) process. The RHNA represents the minimum number of housing units each community is required to provide “adequate sites” for through zoning and is one of the primary threshold criteria necessary to achieve State approval of the Housing Element. In devising the formula for allocating the 187,990 units amongst jurisdictions, ABAG had to consider how each of these statutory factors could be incorporated into the mathematical equation. ABAG staff and members of the Housing Methodology Committee sought input from every jurisdiction in the Bay Area on the factors and how they could be used. The final allocation method adopted by ABAG’s Executive Board includes factors related to housing and employment growth, and public transit. As defined by the RHNA, Campbell’s new construction need for the 2015-2023 time period has been established at 933 new units as distributed among the four income categories as shown in Table A-28. Through this Housing Element, the City will demonstrate the availability of adequate sites to accommodate these projected new units. Table A-28: Regional Housing Needs Allocation 2014 -2022 Income Level Percent of Area Median Income (AMI) Units as per RHNA Percent of Total RHNA Very Low* 0-50% 253 27% Low 51-80% 138 15% Moderate 81-120% 151 16% Above Moderate 120%+ 391 42% Total 933 100% Source: Association of Bay Area Governments, Regional Housing Needs Allocation, July, 2013. *An estimated half of Campbell’s very low income housing needs (126 units) are for extremely low income households This Page Left Intentionally Blank City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 1 APPENDIX B. HOUSING CONSTRAINTS This section of the Housing Element discusses the characteristics of the City’s population and housing stock as a means of better understanding the nature and extent of unmet housing needs. Appendix B, the Housing Needs Assessment is comprised of the following components: (1) Market Constraints; (2) Governmental Constraints; and (3) Environmental Constraints. The provision of adequate and affordable housing opportunities is an important goal of the City. However, there are a variety of factors that can encourage or constrain the development, maintenance, and improvement of the housing stock in Campbell. These include market mechanisms, government codes, and physical and environmental constraints. This section addresses the potential market, governmental, and environmental constraints in Campbell. 1. Market Constraints Land costs, construction costs, and market financing contribute to the cost of housing reinvestment, and can potentially hinder the production of new affordable housing. Although many constraints are driven by market conditions, jurisdictions have some leverage in instituting policies and programs to addressing the constraints. A. Development Costs Construction costs vary widely according to the type of development, with multi-family housing generally less expensive to construct than single family homes. However, there is wide variation within each construction type depending on the size of unit and the number and quality of amenities provided, such as fireplaces, swimming pools, and interior fixtures among others. Land costs may vary depending on whether the site is vacant or has an existing use which must be removed. Ways to reduce development costs include a reduction in amenities and the quality of building materials (above a minimum acceptability for health, safety, and adequate performance) which could, in theory, result in lower sales prices. In addition, prefabricated factory-built housing may provide for lower priced housing by reducing materials and labor costs. Another factor related to construction costs is the number of units built at one time. As the number increases, overall costs generally decrease as builders can benefit from economies of scale. Another key component is the price of raw land and any necessary improvements. The diminishing supply of residential land combined with a high demand for such development keeps land cost high in cities across the Bay Area. One large lot vacant land sale occurred in 2013. A 2.6 acres parcel on Abbott Avenue sold for $4.1 million. The property is located in the R-1-9 Zone. An evaluation of the number of units that could be constructed on the site, based upon the need to extend Abbott Avenue across the property, varies from eight to ten units under the current zoning. The cost for this site was $36 per square foot or between $410,000 and $512,000 per unit. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 2 B. Mortgage and Rehabilitation Financing The availability of financing in a community depends on a number of factors, including the type of lending institutions active in the community, lending practices, rates and fees charged, laws and regulations governing financial institutions, and equal access to those institutions. Through analysis of Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data on the disposition of residential loan applications, an assessment can be made of the availability of residential financing within a community. Chart B-1 summarizes HMDA data for both Campbell and Santa Clara County as a whole, providing information on the approval status of all home purchase and home improvement loan applications in 2012. Of the total of 530 applications for home purchase loans in Campbell, 81 percent were approved, 9 percent denied, and 10 percent withdrawn or incomplete. In comparison to the County-wide average, mortgage loan approval rates were slightly higher in Campbell (81%), than the County (78%). Approval rates for home improvement loans were however somewhat lower in Campbell than Santa Clara County as a whole, at 67 percent compared to 70 percent County-wide. Chart B-1: Home Purchase and Improvement Loans - 2012 Loan Type Number of Loan Applications in Campbell % Loans Approved % Loans Denied % Loans Withdrawn/ Incomplete Campbell Santa Clara County Campbell Santa Clara County Campbell Santa Clara County Home Purchase 530 81% 78% 9% 12% 10% 10% Home Improvement 60 67% 70% 17% 20% 16% 10% Source: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data, 2012 Review of mortgage loan denial rates by census tract identifies one area in Campbell with a denial rate more than double the citywide average of 9 percent. Of the 65 applications for mortgage loans in Census Tract 5066.06, (located in northwest Campbell immediately west of the San Tomas Expressway), 19 percent (12 applications) were denied. 2. Governmental Constraints Local policies and regulations can impact the price and availability of housing and in particular, the provision of affordable housing. Land use controls, site improvement requirements, fees and exactions, permit processing procedures, and various other issues may present constraints to the maintenance, development and improvement of housing. This section discusses potential governmental constraints in Campbell. A. Land Use Controls The Land Use Element of the General Plan sets forth the City’s policies for guiding local development. These policies, together with existing zoning regulations, establish the amount and distribution of land allocated for different uses within Campbell. As summarized below in Table B-2, the Land Use Element provides for six residential land use designations, a mobile home park designation, one commercial designation, and three mixed-use designations that allow for residential uses. The Commercial/Light City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 3 Industrial mixed use area does not provide for residential units and has not been included in Table B- 2. Table B-2: Land Use Categories Permitting Residential Use General Plan Land Use Category Zoning District(s) Density (Units per Gross Acre) Residential Type(s) Low Density Residential R-1-10, R-1-16 <3.5 Single-family detached homes on large lots Low Density Residential R-1-8, R-1-9 <4.5 Single-family detached homes on large lots Low Density Residential R-1-6 <6 Single-family detached homes on average sized lots Low-Medium Density Residential R-M, R-D, C-PD, P-D 6—13 Duplexes, multi-family, and townhomes. Small lot single-family detached homes are allowed with the P-D zoning designation. Medium Density Residential R-2, C-PD, P-D 14—20 Townhomes, apartments, condominiums, or multi- family High Density Residential R-3, C-PD 21—27 Apartments or condominiums Mobile Home Park P-D 6—13 Mobile home parks (greater than 10 acres in size) Central Business District Commercial C-3 No Standard Condominiums or apartments on the second and third floors Low-Medium Density Residential or Office (Mixed Use) P-D 6—13 Single-family homes on small lots, townhomes, multi- family Medium to High Density Residential/ Commercial (Mixed Use) P-D 14—27 Multiple-family housing on the upper floors above office/ commercial uses. Attached townhomes or condominiums in the South of Campbell Ave Specific Plan area. Residential/ Commercial/ Professional Office (Mixed Use) P-D 14—27 Multiple-family housing including condominiums or apartments on the upper floors above office or commercial uses. Source: City of Campbell General Plan, February 2014. B. Zoning Standards The Campbell Zoning Ordinance, Title 21 of the Municipal Code, contains the primary development provisions that implement the development of private land under the General Plan (include the Housing Element). Residential Development Standards The City regulates the type, location, density, and scale of residential development primarily through the Zoning Code. Zoning regulations are designed to protect and promote the health, safety, and general welfare of residents as well as implement the policies of the City’s General Plan. The Zoning Code also serves to preserve the character and integrity of existing neighborhoods. The Code sets forth the City’s specific residential development standards, which are summarized in Table B-3. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 4 Table B-3: Residential Development Standards Zoning District Maximum Density (du/ac) Minimum Net Lot Area (sq. ft.) Maximum Lot Coverage Maximum Building Height (feet) Single Family R-1-6 6.0 6,000 40% 35 R-1-8 4.5 8,000 40% 35 R-1-9 4.5 9,000 40% 35 R-1-10 3.5 10,000 40% 35 R-1-16 3.5 16,000 40% 35 Two Family R-M 13.0 6,000 40% 35 Multiple Family R-D 13.0 6,000 40% 35 R-2 20.0 6,000 40% 35 R-3 27.0 6,000 40% 40 Condominium Planned Development C-PD 27.0 NR NR NR Planned Development P-D 27.0 NR1 NR1 NR1 Source: City of Campbell Planning Division, February 2014 NR – No requirement in the Zoning Ordinance. 1. The specific development standards are contained in special or master plan documents (e.g. North of Campbell Avenue Area Plan, South of Campbell Avenue Area Plan, East Campbell Avenue Master Plan, and Winchester Boulevard Master Plan). Parking Requirements The City’s parking requirement for residential districts varies by housing type and anticipated parking needs. The City calculates the parking requirements by unit type with one standard for Studio and One- Bedroom units and a slightly higher standard for 2 or more Bedroom units. Table B-4 below incorporates the new parking standards adopted in 2011 for Transit Oriented Developments and for Small Lot Single Family housing projects. Table B-4: Parking Requirements Housing Type Parking Space Requirements per Unit Covered Uncovered Total Single-Family 1 1 2 Duplex 1 1 2 Small Lot Single Family 1 1.5 2.5 Multiple-Family: Studio or One-bedroom units Two or more bedrooms units 2 2.5 0.5 0.5 2.5 3 Transit Oriented Development: Studio or One-bedroom units Two or more bedrooms units 1.5 2 0.5 0.5 2 2.5 Source: City of Campbell Zoning Ordinance, February 2014. The standard parking requirement for small lot single family projects is slightly higher than that for single-family homes because small lot single family developments commonly do not have private driveways or open street frontage for additional parking. The City has also found that the parking need for these projects is greater than those for apartments or other multiple-family uses because they are City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 5 often larger in size and have more bedrooms. Small lot single family projects commonly have more drivers per household than apartments, and consequently, often have more vehicles. The City permits carports in lieu of garages for all housing units, which can serve to reduce development costs. Under the City’s density bonus program, projects that provide affordable (below market rate) or senior housing may be eligible for a reduction in the parking requirements (per Zoning Code Section 21.28.050). Additionally, the Planning Commission has the authority to adjust the parking requirements for specific projects when they determine that there are circumstances that warrant an adjustment. These circumstances may include proximity to light rail stations, transit corridors, or major employment centers. The Planning Commission or City Council may also permit projects consisting of two diverse land uses (such as residential and commercial) to jointly occupy the same parking spaces when their parking demands occur at different times. Examples of parking modifications/reductions approved by the City Council during the previous Housing Element cycle include:  Bay West Development, 1677 S. Bascom Avenue, the Planning Commission approved the use of tandem parking spaces for nine of the 168 units in the project.  Merrill Gardens, 2014 Winchester Boulevard, the City Council approved 54 parking spaces for 126 senior housing units.  651 West Hamilton Avenue, the Planning Commission approved a reduction in the amount of required parking of approximately 70 spaces (2.3 parking spaces per unit versus 3.0 parking spaces per unit). Special Master Plan and Area Plans Campbell has adopted numerous area plans. Most of these are located around the Downtown area and around the existing VTA light rail stations. The four master and area plans which contain most of the opportunity housing sites are discussed below. The North of Campbell Avenue (NOCA) Area Plan is located north of the civic center and south of East Hamilton Avenue along Salmar Avenue. This Area Plan was developed to guide this area from primarily industrial land uses to small lot and single family residences. About half of the original plan area has been converted to residential uses. Residential densities up to 20 units per acre are envisioned in this area. The East Campbell Avenue Master Plan is located along East Campbell Avenue between the Downtown and Highway 17. The goal of the Master Plan is to implement Land Use Policy 6.1, “Expansion of Downtown: Facilitate and encourage the evolution of the Downtown beyond the loop streets, eastward to the Hwy 17 overpass and westward to the Community Center, through public improvements, urban design and land use patterns that connect both visually and physically this stretch of Campbell Avenue.” Residential densities up to 27 units per acre are envisioned in this area. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 6 The South of Campbell Avenue (SOCA) Area Plan is located immediately south of the East Campbell Avenue Master Plan between Campbell Avenue on the north, San Tomas Expressway on the south, Los Gatos Creek on the east, and Railway Avenue (the current VTA light rail line) on the west. This Area Plan was developed to guide the redevelopment of this area from older single family residential mixed with commercial and industrial land uses toward more higher density residential density and office development near the VTA Downtown Campbell light rail station and Downtown Campbell. Residential densities up to 27 units per acre are envisioned in this area. The Winchester Boulevard Master Plan runs along both sides of Winchester Boulevard. The purpose of this Master Plan The goal of the Master Plan is to transform Winchester Boulevard into a vibrant mixed-use, pedestrian-oriented street, lined with ground-level businesses with residential or office above. The plan also intends to facilitate the physical and visual connection to Downtown and Campbell Avenue, as well as help increase Central Campbell’s walkability and livability by providing increased housing and shopping opportunities. Residential densities up to 27 units per acre are envisioned in this area. Flexible Design Provisions The City offers various mechanisms to provide relief from development standards that are typically required of all residential projects under the Zoning Code. These mechanisms include mixed-use development provisions and the density bonus program in conjunction with the P-D Zone. Planned Development (P-D) Zone The purpose of the P-D Zoning District is to provide a degree of flexibility that is not generally available in other zoning districts. The flexibility is intended to allow developments that are more consistent with site characteristics while creating an optimum quantity and use of open space and good design consistent with the underlying General Plan Land Use Designation and any adopted guidelines for the area. The P-D Zone also facilitates mixed-use development, development concessions, and modified parking standards. Most of the Area Plan and Master Plan areas are zoned P-D. Mixed-Use Development Within the City of Campbell, there are several areas where mixed use development is encouraged, both as residential and commercial uses combined on a single parcel, and as components of a single development. A key strategy of the City’s General Plan is to integrate residential development along designated commercial corridors to create activity along the street, provide a variety of housing types near work and shopping, and enhance public safety. This strategy ensures safer, more viable commercial areas, with mixed-use residents helping to ensure the viability of the commercial uses. Mixed-use development is located next to sidewalks or landscape setback areas adjacent to the public street to enhance visibility, pedestrian access and interaction with the commercial uses. The City’s zoning ordinance provides several incentives to encourage mixed use. The allowable density of a mixed-use project is defined by the Floor Area Ratio (FAR) contained in specific land use policies within each Area or Specific Plan; residential uses are encouraged but not included in the calculation of the Floor Area Ratio. Campbell also allows for a shared parking reduction where two or more uses have distinct and differing peak parking usage periods. Furthermore, a reduction in the required open space for the residential component of a mixed-use project may be granted where the full amount of open space is unable to be accommodated due to the urban infill characteristics of the site. The City City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 7 has approved several mixed-use projects since adoption of the prior Housing Element. In addition, many of the previously approved projects that had been put on-hold because of The Great Recession of 2007-2009 are currently under development. The current City approved projects include the following:  The Merrill Gardens Project (2041 – 2127 S. Winchester Blvd.) initially approved in 2007, slightly modified by 2011, and was completed in December of 2013 and is now occupied. This project consists of 126 total units including 99 senior market rate units, 27 non-age restricted apartments, and an Alzheimer’s care unit. Of the 126 units, 19 very low income units are distributed throughout the project. The project also includes 18,000 square feet of retail space fronting Winchester Boulevard. The City Council approved several concessions including waiving the park fees for the affordable units.  Bay West Development (1677 S. Bascom Ave) – The City approved this mixed-use project in 2012 at the maximum zoned density of 27 units per acre. The project provides 126 market rate apartments and 15,295 square feet of retail space fronting Hamilton Avenue. Campbell approved a density bonus project of 14 Below Market Rate units as part of this project. Affordable Housing Density Bonus The City of Campbell continues to offer density bonus incentives for the provision of affordable housing and routinely updates the Zoning Ordinance as program requirements change. These provisions were last amended in 2008 to incorporate recent changes to State Law. The density bonus provisions include both the additional density requirement and the development concession provisions. The Density Bonus provisions are contained in Chapter 21.20 of the Municipal Code and incorporate the requirements of Government Code Section 65915. For incorporating any of the following items, a housing developer will receive a twenty percent density bonus above the density normally allowed by the Zoning Ordinance. To receive this density bonus a project must incorporate one of the following:  Ten percent of the total units for lower income households; or  Five percent of the total units for very low income households; or  A senior citizen housing development (or mobile home park) that limits residency based on age requirements for housing for older persons. In addition, by providing ten percent of the total units for moderate income households, an additional five percent density bonus is also available. The moderate income density bonus applies only to for sale units in a common interest development (as defined by Section 1351 of the California Civil Code). The amount of density bonus to which the applicant is entitled varies according to the amount by which the percentage of affordable housing units exceeds the minimum percentage established in this section, but generally ranges from 20 to 35 percent above the specified General Plan Residential Density. In addition to the density bonus, eligible projects may receive up to three additional development incentives, depending on the proportion of affordable units and level of income targeting. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 8 Zoning Code Chapter 21.20 also includes provisions to allow development standard concessions for projects receiving a density bonus. The typical concessions/incentives that are offered include the following.  A reduction in site development standards (e.g., setback and square footage requirements, and/or parking requirements) or architectural design requirements. At the request of the developer, the City will permit a parking ratio (inclusive of handicapped and guest parking) of one space for 0-1 bedroom units, two spaces for 2-3 bedroom units, and 2½ spaces for four or more bedrooms.  Approval of mixed-use zoning in conjunction with the housing project if nonresidential land uses would reduce the cost of individual units in the housing project, and the nonresidential land uses would be compatible with the housing project and adjoining development.  Other regulatory incentives or concessions proposed by the permit applicant or the City that would result in identifiable cost reductions. Examples include a reduction in the amount of required on-site parking, expedited processing pursuant to a mutually agreed upon schedule, and, the deferral of the collection of impact fees on market rate units until issuance of a certificate of occupancy. The City advertises the availability of density bonus incentives on its website, and provides information to prospective residential applicants. The Merrill Gardens and Bay West Development projects were both granted an affordable housing density bonus of 35% for the incorporation of Very Low Income units into the projects. Inclusionary Housing Particularly since Campbell now requires 15 percent inclusionary units on a citywide basis, density bonuses offer a means of offsetting the cost of providing the required affordable units. Zoning Code Chapter 21.24 requires new residential projects with ten or more units to provide at least 15 percent of the total units for low and moderate income households at an affordable housing cost. Rental units are required to be made available to very low and low income households (minimum 40% to very low), while owner units are to be available to low and moderate income households. Previous regulatory agreements are recorded on inclusionary projects that require affordability for a period of 45 years for ownership units and 55 years for rental units. The Inclusionary Housing Program originally addressed both rental and ownership units, however, due to a recent court case, the provisions which apply to rental units have been temporarily suspended. As a means of providing flexibility in compliance with inclusionary requirements, the City allows the following alternatives to provision of on-site affordable units:  Off-site construction of affordable units;  Provision of rental units in for-sale projects (subject to Very Low and Low income affordability);  Dedication of land sufficient to accommodate the required affordable units; or  Payment of an in-lieu housing fee (for projects with densities at or below six units per acre). The current fees are $34.50 per square foot for ownership housing units and $21.50 for rental housing units. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 9 Campbell’s inclusionary ordinance also provides for a reduction or waiver of the inclusionary requirement if an applicant can show there is no reasonable relationship between the project and the requirement for affordable units, or if application of the inclusionary requirements represents a taking. Since the adoption of the Ordinance, several larger projects have been required to provide affordable units. Examples include of these project include the senior housing project by Merrill Gardens on Winchester Boulevard and the Bay West Development on South Bascom Avenue. During this time many smaller projects, with less than 10 units, have been exempt from the ordinance. The City has not received negative feedback from developers of these larger projects in terms of affecting project viability. The ordinance is similar to surrounding cities and is generally accepted by the regional development community. C. Provisions for a Variety of Housing Housing element law specifies that jurisdictions must identify adequate sites to be made available through appropriate zoning and development standards to encourage the development of various types of housing for all economic segments of the population. This includes single-family homes, multi- family housing, factory-built housing, mobile homes, emergency shelters, supportive housing, and transitional housing. Table B-5 below summarizes housing types permitted within all residential and commercial zones. The Condominium-Planned Development (C-PD) is required for all projects proposing a condominium ownership project. Development under the C-PD Zone is processed using the P-D Zone development review processes. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 10 Table B-5: Housing Types Permitted by Zone Housing Type Permitted Uses R-1 R-D R-M R-2 R-3 P-D C-PD C-3 Residential Uses Small Lot Single-Family (<6,000 sq. ft. lots) Y Y Y Y Y Y - - Conventional Single-Family (>6,000 sq. ft. lots) Y Y Y Y Y Y - - Planned Unit Developments - - - - - Y - - Duplexes (2 attached units) - Y Y Y Y - - - Second Units (with a single family dwelling) Y Y Y Y Y Y - - Condominiums - - - - - - Y c Mobile Home Parks (sites 10 acres or larger) - - - - - Y - - Multiple-Family Residential Units Y Y Y Y Y c Townhouses - - - - - Y Y - Special Needs Housing Residential Care Facility (6 or less persons) Y Y Y Y Y Y - - Residential Care Facility (7 or more persons) c c c c c c c c Convalescent Hospital - c c c c c c c Emergency Shelters1 - - c c c c c - Supportive Housing Y Y Y Y Y Y - - Transitional Housing Y Y Y Y Y Y - - Single Room Occupancy - - - - c c - - Correctional Residential Facility - c c c c c c c Boarding or Lodging House - - c c c - - - On-Site Living Facility* c c c c c c c c Y = Permitted c = Conditionally Permitted 1. Emergency Shelters are also allowed in the C-1 and C-2 Zones with a conditional use permit, and in the M-1 Zone, either by right or with a conditional use permit, depending on the location. * In conjunction with an approved conforming use for security and/or 24-hour service. Source: City of Campbell Zoning Code, February 2014. Multi-Family Rental Housing The City’s Zoning Code provides for apartment (rental) developments in the R-M, R-2, R-3, and P-D Zoning Districts by-right, and with approval of a conditional use permit in the C-3 (Central Business District) Zone. Densities of up to 27 dwelling units per acre are permitted, with additional densities for affordable and senior housing. The General Plan also provides for high density residential on designated commercial corridors surrounding the Valley Transit Agency (VTA) Light Rail Stations at Downtown Campbell and at Winchester. The VTA light rail system allows easy access to the rest of the urbanized core of Santa Clara County. Campbell’s development standards have proven to be effective in allowing projects to achieve maximum densities. Given high land costs, the majority of multi-family and mixed use developments City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 11 in Campbell are built at or near maximum permitted densities. Recent examples include: Creekside Commons (27 du/acre with density bonus) and Merrill Gardens senior housing (34 du/acre with density bonus). These and other infill project examples demonstrate that the City’s development standards have not served as a constraint to achieving maximum zoned densities. Condominiums Similar to many jurisdictions, Campbell’s Zoning Code distinguishes between condominium (ownership) and multiple family (rental) housing. The C-PD (Condominium-Planned Development) zoning district provides for the construction of new condominiums, or conversion of existing rental housing into condominium ownership subject to a planned development permit. Condominiums are also conditionally permitted in the C-3 (Central Business District) Zone. In order to provide maximum flexibility for projects and provide the city appropriate levels of discretion, large areas of the City are zoned Planned Development (P-D). This designation has proven over time to be an excellent vehicle for providing unique, custom tailored development solutions to generally small, heavily constrained in-fill sites. The City requires a zoning designation of Condominium Planned Development for condominium projects. This zoning requirement has not been a barrier to the approval of numerous condominium projects in the past. Secondary Dwelling Units The purpose of permitting additional living units in single-family districts is to allow more efficient use of the existing housing stock and infrastructure to provide the opportunity for the development of small rental housing units designed to meet the special housing needs of individuals and families, while preserving the integrity of single-family neighborhoods. Zoning Code Section 21.36.200 addresses the requirements for both attached and detached second units as an accessory use in Single Family (R-1) zoning districts. Campbell’s Zoning Code contains the following standards for secondary dwelling units.  The minimum lot size is at least 10,000 square foot.  The maximum size is limited to 640 square feet, one bedroom and one-story in height, unless the lot is larger than 250% of the minimum required size in zone (when these size limitations for the units do not apply).  In conjunction with the primary single-family dwelling, a total of four parking spaces are required, two of which shall be covered. Spaces may be allowed in tandem in a driveway of a two-car garage if the garage meets minimum setbacks and lot configuration precludes placement of parking areas elsewhere on the property.  Must meet all of the applicable development standards of the zoning district (for example, setbacks, lot coverage, and floor area ratio);  Required to be designed so that the appearance of the property remains that of a single-family residence (for example, the entrances to secondary dwelling units must not be visible from the street); and,  A deed restriction is required that stipulates that only one of the two units on the property may be rented at any one time. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 12 Campbell receives an average of 1 to 2 second unit applications annually with a total of 4 second units constructed between 2009 and 2013. Approximately one thousand Single Family zoned parcels in Campbell meet the minimum lot size requirement. This provides a significant additional capacity for second units. Manufactured Housing/Mobile Homes Section 65852.3 of the California Government Code requires jurisdictions to administratively allow manufactured homes on lots zoned for single-family dwellings if they meet certain standards. More specifically, the Government Code requires the following: “Except with respect to architectural requirements, a city … shall only subject the manufactured home and the lot on which it is placed to the same development standards to which a conventional single-family residential dwelling on the same lot would be subject, including, but not limited to, building setback standards, side and rear yard requirements, standards for enclosures, access, and vehicle parking, aesthetic requirements, and minimum square footage requirements. Any architectural requirements imposed on the manufactured home structure itself, exclusive of any requirement for any and all additional enclosures, shall be limited to its roof overhang, roofing material, and siding material. These architectural requirements may be imposed on manufactured homes even if similar requirements are not imposed on conventional single-family residential dwellings. However, any architectural requirements for roofing and siding material shall not exceed those which would be required of conventional single-family dwellings constructed on the same lot. At the discretion of the local legislative body, the city or county may preclude installation of a manufactured home in zones specified in this section if more than 10 years have elapsed between the date of manufacture of the manufactured home and the date of the application for the issuance of a permit to install the manufactured home in the affected zone. In no case may a city, including a charter city, county, or city and county, apply any development standards that will have the effect of precluding manufactured homes from being installed as permanent residences.” The City treats manufactured homes as simply another form of construction and does not apply any requirements to them other than what normally applies to new residential construction. A number of manufactured homes have gone through the normal design review process and been approved and built. Manufacture home on individual lots are allowed in the R-1 Single Family Zoning District. Mobile Home Parks Campbell permits mobile home parks in the P-D Zoning District on parcels with a Mobile Home Park General Plan land use designation. There are currently two mobile home parks in Campbell: Paseo de Palomas (106 units) and Timbercove Mobile Home Park (137 units). Residential Care Homes and Residential Service Facilities Campbell’s Zoning Code defines Residential Care Homes as licensed facilities where care, services, or treatment is provided to persons living in a community residential setting. Residential Service Facilities are defined as a residential facility where the operator receives compensation for the provision of personal services, in addition to housing including protection, supervision, assistance, guidance, training, therapy, or other non-medical care. The Zoning Code distinguishes between small (six or fewer City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 13 occupants) and large (seven or more occupants) Residential Care Homes and Residential Service Facilities. Section 1566.3 of the California Health and Safety Code requires residential facilities serving six or fewer persons to be considered a residential use of property for purposes of local zoning ordinances. No local agency can impose stricter zoning or building and safety standards on these residential facilities – such as a conditional use permit (CUP), zoning variance or other zoning clearance - than is required of a family dwelling of the same type in the same zone. The Campbell Zoning Code permits Residential Care Homes and Residential Service Facilities serving six or fewer persons by right in all residential zones (R-1, R-D, R-M, R-2, R-3, P-D), and does not subject such facilities to a use permit, building standard, or regulation not otherwise required of single-family homes in the same zone. The Health and Safety Code further states that no local zoning ordinance can include residential facilities which serve six or fewer residents in the definition of a boarding house, rooming house, institution or home for the care of minors, the aged, or the mentally infirm, foster care home, guest home, rest home, sanitarium, mental hygiene home, or other similar term which implies that the residential facility is a business run for profit or differs in any way from a family dwelling. In compliance with the State statutes, the Campbell’s Zoning Code provides the following separate definition for Rooming and Boarding Facilities, which are conditionally permitted in R-D, R-M, R-2 and R-3 zones: “Rooming and Boarding houses means houses with individual bedrooms that are rented to between three to five persons for profit, whether or not meals are provided.” Due to the unique characteristics of larger (more than six persons) residential care homes/facilities, most jurisdictions require a CUP to ensure neighborhood compatibility in the siting of these facilities. As indicated previously in Table B-5, the Campbell Zoning Code provides for Residential Care Homes and Service Facilities with more than six occupants in most all residential zone districts, subject to approval of a CUP by the Planning Commission. The required findings for approval of a CUP in Campbell are directed towards ensuring compatibility of the proposed use and not tied to the user, and therefore are not viewed as a constraint per se to the provision of residential care facilities. The California courts have invalidated the following definition of “family” within jurisdictions Zoning Ordinances: (a) an individual, (b) two or more persons related by blood, marriage or adoption, or (c) a group of not more than a certain number of unrelated persons as a single housekeeping unit. Court rulings state that defining a family does not serve any legitimate or useful objective or purpose recognized under the zoning and land planning powers of the city, and therefore violates rights of privacy under the California Constitution. A zoning ordinance also cannot regulate residency by discrimination between biologically related and unrelated persons. In 2014, Campbell’s Zoning Code was amended to redefine the term of “family”. Family now means: “an individual or group of persons living together who constitute a bona fide single housekeeping unit in a dwelling unit. "Family" shall not be construed to include a fraternity, sorority, club, or other group of persons occupying a hotel, lodging house, or institution of any kind.” The revised definition is now consistent with State and Federal law on the definition of family. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 14 The previous definition of family (while not entirely consistent with the new definition) did not function to preclude residential care or other group housing from the City’s residential zone districts, as evidenced by the State Community Care Licensing Division which identified three Adult Residential Facilities, three Adult Residential Facility for Persons with Special Health Care Needs, and fourteen Residential Care Facilities for the Elderly in Campbell. Transitional and Supportive Housing During the 2014 Zoning Ordinance amendment, Campbell provided specific definitions for supportive housing, transitional housing, and target population to comply with State Law. The new definitions area as follows:  Transitional housing means “buildings configured as rental housing development, but operated under program requirements that require the termination of assistance and recirculating of the assisted unit to another eligible program recipient at a predetermined future point in time that shall be no less than six months from the beginning of the assistance.”  Supportive housing means “housing with no limit on length of stay, that is occupied by the target population, and that is linked to an onsite or offsite service that assists the supportive housing resident in retaining the housing, improving his or her health status, and maximizing his or her ability to live and, when possible, work in the community.”  Target population means “persons with low incomes who have one or more disabilities, including mental illness, HIV or AIDS, substance abuse, or other chronic health condition, or individuals eligible for services provided pursuant to the Lanterman Developmental Disabilities Services Act (Division 4.5 (commencing with Section 4500) of the Welfare and Institutions Code) and may include, among other populations, adults, emancipated minors, families with children, elderly persons, young adults aging out of the foster care system, individuals exiting from institutional settings, veterans, and homeless people.” Until recently, Zoning Code Section 21.36.230, included requirements for a conditional use permit as well as a 300 foot separation requirement between transitional facilities and another similar facility or single-family zoned parcel. However, in 2014 Transitional and Supportive Housing became permitted uses in all residential zoning districts (R-1, R-D, R-M, R-2, R-3, and P-D). This is also shown in Table B- 5. Emergency Shelters State Law requires that local jurisdictions allow for emergency shelters. In compliance with SB 2, Campbell has reviewed its zoning districts and determined a portion of the M-1 Zoning District is best suited to be most conducive to house an emergency homeless shelter. The 2014 amendment defined Emergency Shelter as “temporary housing with minimal supportive services for homeless persons that is limited to occupancy of six months or less by a homeless person. No individual or household may be denied emergency shelter because of an inability to pay.” Emergency Shelters are now allowed, without a conditional use permit, in a portion of the M-1 (Light Industrial) Zoning District bounded generally by Camden Avenue, Los Gatos Creek County Park, Hacienda Avenue and Winchester Boulevard. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 15 This sub-area of the M-1 Zoning District provides for light industrial and commercial uses, and is located centrally within the city and has good proximity to transit (bus and light rail service). While there are a limited number of vacant parcels within the identified M-1-S Sub-area, a large number of properties are either underutilized or have existing structures which could potentially be suitable for conversion to shelter use. The Sub-area encompasses 53 parcels with an average lot size of approximately 33,000 sq. ft (0.75 acres). The emergency shelter by-right area is shown on Figure B-1. Emergency shelters in other locations will still approval of a conditional use permit in accordance with Title 21 of the Campbell Municipal Code. Figure B-1: Emergency Shelters as a Permitted Use As discussed in the Homeless section of the Housing Needs Assessment, the 2013 Santa Clara Homeless Survey identified 91 homeless people in Campbell and there are currently no homeless shelters in the City. Pursuant to SB 2, jurisdictions with an unmet need for emergency shelters are now required to identify a zone(s) where emergency shelters will be allowed as a permitted use without a conditional use permit or other discretionary permit. The identified zone must have sufficient capacity to accommodate the shelter need, and at a minimum provide capacity for at least one year-round shelter. Permit processing, development and management standards for emergency shelters must be objective and facilitate the development of, or conversion to, emergency shelters. Based on the 2013 estimate of Campbell’s homeless population (91 persons), it appears that this area is suitable for this purpose and of adequate size to provide sufficient opportunities to meet this requirement. This area is depicted in Figure B-1. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 16 Section 21.36.085 of the Municipal Code establishes the standards for emergency shelters. The development standards in the Emergency Shelter Sub-Area are the same as for all other development in the M-1 Zone. The operational standards for emergency shelters are outline below.  Maximum number of beds. Shall be based upon the number of homeless persons identified in the current Santa Clara County Homeless Census and Survey (the 2013 Homeless Census identified ninety-one homeless persons in the City).  On-site parking. The shelter shall provide for one (1 ) parking space for each three (3) beds. Parking modifications, authorized by Section 21.28.050 of the Zoning Code, are routinely used to reduce the parking requirements for affordable housing, high density residential, and mixed use projects. There are no restrictions on the types of land uses, including emergency shelters, that are eligible to receive parking modifications.  Waiting and intake area. The shelter shall provide a private area to receive clients for waiting and intake.  Length of stay. Residents may stay for thirty days. Extensions up to a total of one hundred eighty (180) days may be provided by the on-site manager if no alternative housing is available.  Lighting. The shelter shall have adequate outdoor lighting for security purposes.  Security. On-site security and security cameras shall be provided.  On-site management. The shelter shall provide 24-hour, professional on-site management pursuant to a Management and Operation Plan approved by the City. Single Room Occupancy (SRO) Single Room Occupancy facilities are defined as “a residential facility providing dwelling units where each unit has a minimum floor area of 150 square feet and a maximum floor area of 220 square feet, and are rented to a one- or two-person household. These dwelling units may have kitchen or bathroom facilities, and are provided for a weekly or monthly period of time, in exchange for an agreed payment of a fixed amount of money or other compensation based on the period of occupancy.” SRO’s can provide an entry point into the housing market for extremely low income individuals, formerly homeless and disabled persons. Campbell has reviewed the City’s zoning districts and determined that a portion of the R-3 zone is the most conducive to provision of SROs, either through new development or reuse of an existing building. The City intends to conditionally allow SRO’s in the R-3-S Multiple-Family Zone. This zoning district is the City’s highest density residential zone and allows development up to 27 dwelling units per gross acre. This zoning district is distributed in areas throughout Campbell with the largest single area concentrated along Union Avenue on the eastern side of Campbell, in proximity to South Bascom Avenue. There are 92 parcels in the R-3 zone, with an average lot size of 48,000 sq. ft (1.1 acres), providing sufficient sites for SRO use. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 17 Farm Employee Housing The Census identifies fewer than one hundred Campbell residents employed in farming, fishing and forestry occupations, representing less than one percent of the City’s labor force. No parcels in the City remain in agricultural use. Therefore, given the extremely limited presence of farmworkers in the community, the City has not identified a need for specialized farmworker housing beyond overall programs for housing affordability. Accessibility Accommodations Both the federal Fair Housing Act and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act impose an affirmative duty on local governments to make reasonable accommodations (i.e. modifications or exceptions) in their zoning and other land use regulations when such accommodations may be necessary to afford disabled persons an equal opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling. For example, it may be a reasonable accommodation to allow covered ramps in the setbacks of properties that have already been developed to accommodate residents with mobility impairments. It is the policy of the City of Campbell to provide reasonable accommodation for persons with disabilities seeking fair access to housing in the application of its zoning laws. In furtherance of this policy, Chapter 21.50 of the Zoning Code sets forth the process for making a request for reasonable accommodation. Campbell’s process and findings for reasonable accommodation can be summarized as follows:  The applicant is provided a form to identify the Zoning Code provision, regulation or policy from which accommodation is being requested, and to provide the basis for the claim and why the accommodation is necessary.  The Community Development Director serves as the reviewing body for the request, unless the project for which the request is being made requires some other discretionary and use permit or approval.  The following factors are considered in determining the reasonableness of a requested accommodation:  Special need created by the disability;  Potential benefit that can be accomplished by the requested modification;  Potential impact on surrounding uses;  Physical attributes of the property and structures;  Alternative accommodations which may provide an equivalent level of benefit;  In the case of a determination involving a single-family dwelling, whether the household would be considered a single housekeeping unit if it were not using special services that are required because of the disabilities of the residents.  Whether the requested accommodation would impose an undue financial or administrative burden on the city The factors for consideration of a reasonable accommodation request do not serve as deterrents to housing accessibility. The “potential benefit” factor is a standard finding that is a restatement of the City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 18 City’s policy that the granting of a reasonable accommodation is a benefit by definition as it facilitates providing fair access to housing. The “potential impact on surrounding uses” factor can be addressed, to the extent necessary, by evaluating alternative approaches to addressing the accessibility needs of the disabled to minimize the potential impact on the surrounding neighborhood. Since adoption of the Reasonable Accommodation Ordinance in 2004, the City has had one request for a modification. The request involved a new market rate development which incorporated three affordable units pursuant to the City’s inclusionary requirements. An income eligible applicant for one of the affordable units was physically disabled. The City approved the modification request through a ministerial process, and in addition provided funding to retrofit the affordable unit – including lowered countertops and a fully accessible bathroom. D. Development Permit Procedures The processing time needed to obtain development permits and required approvals varies depending on the scope of the project. Smaller projects typically require less time and larger projects more time. The City strives to keep its permit procedures streamlined and processing times minimal. The Planning Division is the lead agency in processing residential development applications and coordinates the processing of those applications with other City departments such as the Public Works Department and the Building Division of the Community Development Department. Multi-family and Mixed-Use residential projects typically require some type of discretionary action. Projects with Planned Development (P-D) zoning designation require a P-D permit from the Planning Commission and City Council. Processing times for a P-D project take typically four to six months. This provision for P-D approvals is not a constraint on projects because the project usually requires other entitlements such as a parking adjustment, deviation from other development standards and/or subdivision map that would require public hearings. The requirement for a P-D approval for multi- family projects or mixed-use projects in P-D zoning districts allows for a case by case approach that can achieve maximum flexibility. As residential neighborhoods in Campbell are nearly built-out, the majority of new residential development has been accommodated through mixed-use projects within the P-D Zoning District. The P-D mechanism allows for deviations in minimum lot size, lot coverage, building setbacks and building height standards. Development certainty and predictability are provided through the General Plan, which clearly defines development scenarios for all areas zoned P-D. The General Plan Land Use Element provides for specific development types such as Central Commercial, Professional Office/Retail/Residential and describes mixed-use development as the preferred development type. These areas are described by the General Plan as follows:  Central Commercial: This designation includes parts of Campbell and Winchester Avenues in Downtown Campbell and is intended to provide shopping, services and entertainment. It requires that the building forms in this designation edge the street, and should include retail commercial uses on the ground floor with either office or residential uses on the second and third floors. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 19  Low-Medium Density Residential and/or Professional Office: This designation occurs primarily near Downtown, where there is a need for office uses to buffer the single family homes from commercial impacts. Many parcels have homes that are on the Historic Inventory.  Medium to High Density Residential and/or Commercial: This designation occurs near the Downtown in the South of Campbell Avenue (SOCA), where the General Plan identifies parcels for commercial or mixed use, promoting commercial on the ground floor, and residential uses above.  Residential/ Commercial/Professional Office: This designation includes many areas in the City including the North of Campbell Avenue (NOCA), where the intention is to provide a residential component to traditional commercial and/or professional office uses. This designation also maintains commercial and office uses on the ground floor and residential uses on the upper floors. Development standards are derived by two different sources for properties within the P-D zone. If the site is located in a Master Plan or Specific Plan area (e.g. for 11 of 17 opportunity sites) the development standards of the Master Plan are used as the starting point for the design and review of the P-D project. These Plans include the East Campbell Avenue Master Plan, the Winchester Boulevard Master Plan, and the South of Campbell Avenue (SOCA) and North of Campbell Avenue (NOCA) Area Plans. In areas where there is no Master Plan for an area (e.g. for 11 of 17 opportunity sites) development standards for the underlying zoning district are used. For example, projects in the Hamilton/STEX Area are evaluated using development standards of R-3, while those in the West Campbell Avenue Area use development standards of R-M, R-2, and R-3 Zones, depending on the site. Each of these zones has clear development standards that can be used while developing the project design. However, because of the sufficient flexibility built into the P-D zone to resolve any project design challenges, the P-D zoning designation requires that specific findings be made, which focus on the exemplary architecture and high quality physical project design rather than simply the land use, and density or other numeric criteria. The review and approval of a P-D project are based upon considerations relating to site circulation, traffic congestion, and traffic safety; considerations related to landscaping; and considerations relating to structure and site lay-out. These findings have allowed for a long track record of successful mixed-use projects including the Gateway mixed use (25 du/acre); Water Tower Lofts (27 du/acre); Onyx (27 du/acre); Campbell Center (26 du/acre); Gilman Cottages (27 du/acre); Creekside Commons (27 du/acre with a density bonus); and Merrill Gardens (34 du/acre with density bonus). These projects have all been approved by the City in a timely fashion (4 to 6 months typically) without impacting project feasibility. Campbell’s development process can be summarized in the following seven steps. All of these steps may not be necessary depending on the nature of a project. The first four steps in the development process are commonly referred to as the planning process, ending with project approval. Project construction and occupancy is addressed in the final three steps. The typical lengths of time for the planning process are shown in Table B-6. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 20  Preliminary Application: The preliminary application process is offered at minimal cost to applicants. The submitted plans are routed to all the applicable departments of the Development Review Committee for review and comment. The Development Review Committee consists of representatives from City Departments and the County Fire Department. Approximately three weeks after the application is submitted, the applicant is invited to meet with staff from the various departments to go over the comments, discuss any particular concerns, and explain any special requirements of the projects. This process can save developers time and money by addressing potential concerns at an early stage thereby avoiding delays later in the process.  Application Submittal: The planning application submittal process is when a developer submits a development application, required fees, and application materials.  Plan Review: After the application is received, it is routed through the Development Review Committee. A planner is assigned to serve as the developer’s liaison helping to expedite the permit process and coordinating the department reviews. Individual departments assess the completeness of the application and prepare preliminary Conditions of Approval. A review of the environmental issues associated with the proposed project (as required by the California Environmental Quality Act) will also be completed at this time.  Planning Commission/City Council Approval: If a project is determined to require discretionary action, it will be scheduled for the Site and Architectural Review Committee (if necessary) and Planning Commission meetings. Public Notice will be provided and all property owners within 300 feet of the project site will be notified by mail. In some instances (for example, Planned Development Permits), the project will require City Council approval. After projects receive approval by the Planning Commission there is a ten-day appeal period during which the project may be appealed to the City Council. The City Council decision is final.  Plan Check: After the project receives any required approvals, the full plans may be submitted to the building division for plan check for building permits. The plans will be routed to the City’s Public Works Department and Planning Division. The project planner will review the plans for conformance with the Zoning Code, any required Conditions of Approval, and with the plans approved by the Planning Commission or City Council. The building division will verify that all building, fire, mechanical, plumbing and electrical code requirements are fulfilled in compliance with the Uniform Building Code and other State requirements.  Building Permit: After the project plans receive approval from the relevant departments, the building division issues a building permit. Construction can begin after this point. Regular inspections are required throughout the construction process. The final inspection requires clearance from all relevant City departments and the County Fire Department. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 21  Occupancy Permit: Once the final inspection is complete, the developer needs to secure an occupancy permit. If park impact fees are required, the remaining balance must be paid at this time. Buildings or structures cannot be used or occupied until the Building Official has issued a certificate of occupancy. The Table below shows the average processing time for typical residential development applications. Table B-6: Average Time Frames for Development Applications Application Type Frequency of Hearings Average Processing Time* General Plan Amendment 4 times per year (per General Plan Element) 3-4 months Zone Change 2 times per month 3-4 months Planned Development Permit 2 times per month 4-6 months Tentative Subdivision Map 2 times per month 2-3 months Tentative Parcel Map Administrative hearings are scheduled as needed 2-3 months Conditional Use Permit 2 times per month 2-3 months Site and Architectural Review Permit 2 times per month 3-4 months Source: City of Campbell Planning Division, February 2014. * Note: Processing times shown are averages and should not be used to assume that a specific project will be processed within this time period. The processing times apply to the first four phases of the development process. E. Fees and Exactions The City of Campbell collects various fees from developments to cover the costs of processing permits and providing the necessary services and infrastructure related to new development projects. Fees levied by the City are comparable to those charged in surrounding communities and thus not considered a constraint to housing development. Table B-7 below summarizes the planning and development fees collected by the City. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 22 Table B-7: Planning and Development Fees Type of Fee Activity Fee Amount Planning Division Parcels less than 1 Acre General Plan Amendment $11,990 Zone Change $8,375 Planned Development Permit* $9,384 EIR Review Actual Cost + 20% Admin Overhead Parcels 1 to 5 acres General Plan Amendment $11,990 Zone Change $8,375 Planned Development Permit* $13,255 EIR Review Actual Cost + 20% Admin Overhead Parcels larger than 5 acres General Plan Amendment $11,990 Zone Change $8,375 Planned Development Permit $16,871 EIR Review Actual Cost + 20% Admin Overhead Other Fees Tentative Parcel Map (4 lots or less) $5,995 Tentative Subdivision Map (5+ lots) $8,870 Site and Architectural: Single Family (per house) $1,530 Site and Architectural: 1 – 5,000 sq. ft. $4,590 Site and Architectural: 5,001 - 10,000 sq. ft. $6,730 Site and Architectural: < 10,000 sq. ft. $9,620 Administrative PD/Site & Architectural $1,010 Building Division Building Permit: Valuations up to $500,000 2.00% of sq. ft. cost Building Permit: Valuations above $500,000 1.66% of sq. ft. cost Plan Check Fee 33% of Building Permit Fee Electrical, Plumbing, Mechanical $97 +$37 Construction License Tax $0.50 per square foot Roadway Maintenance 0.3% of Valuation General Plan Maintenance 8% of Building Permit Seismic Fee: Residential .0001% of Valuation Seismic Fee: Others .00021% of Valuation Park Dedication In Lieu Fees Low Density (Less than 6 units per acre) $17,105/unit Low/Medium (6 to 13 units per acre) $9,986/unit Medium (13 to 21 units per acre) $7,023/unit High Density (21 to 27 units per acre) & Second Dwelling Units $6,889/unit Fire Department Review Site and Architectural Approval $91.00/hr Project Plan Review $214.00 Subdivisions $143.00 + $10/lot Source: City of Campbell Planning Division, February 2014. As a means of assessing the cost that fees contribute to development in Campbell, the City has calculated the total Planning, Building, Public Works, and Non-City Agency fees associated with development of two different residential prototypes. The first prototype consists of two new single family residences, with parcel map on a lot with an existing single family residence. The building permit City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 23 related costs are based upon an estimated construction valuation of approximately $255,000 for a 1,900 square foot single family residence with a 400 square foot garage. The second prototype is a new four unit multi-family project. The construction valuation for the four-plex is estimated to be approximately $351,000 for four 800-square feet units. The building permit associated fees used in this evaluation were based upon recent building permits issued by the City of Campbell. Table B-8: Typical City and Non-City Fees for Single and Multi-family Residences1 Application Fees by City Department 2 single-family residences with one existing residence on lot 4-unit multi-family project with credit of a single family residential home Per Unit Cost Total Cost Per Unit Cost Total Cost Planning Planned Development Application Fee $9,384 $9,384 $9,384 $9,384 Tentative Parcel Map $5,995 $5,995 $5,995 $5,995 Park Impact Fee 3 (6 to 13 units per acre) $9,986 $19,972 $9,986 $29,962 Public Works Final Parcel Map $3,775 + $82 per parcel $3,939 $3,775 + $82 per parcel $4,103 Encroachment Permit $377 $377 $377 $377 Storm Drain Area Fee (Multi- Family Residential) $2,385/acre $423 $2,385/acre $5,546 Building Demolition Permit Not applicable $0 $257 $257 Building Permit Fee 2% of Valuation $10,636 2% of Valuation $7,170 Plan Check Fee 33% of Building Permit Fee $4,023 33% of Building Permit Fee $3,053 Electrical, Plumbing, Mechanical $97 + $37 x number of permits $804 $97 + $37 x number of permits $980 Construction License Tax $0.50 per square foot $2,300 $0.50 per square foot $1,600 Roadway Maintenance Fee 0.3% of Valuation $1,524 0.3% of Valuation $1,053 General Plan Maintenance Fee 8% of Building Permit $812 8% of Building Permit $562 Seismic Motion and CA Building Standards Commission Fees2 0.0001 of Valuation and 0.0021 of Valuation $72 0.0001 of Valuation and 0.0021 of Valuation $50 Non-City Agencies School District (Elementary) $2.24 per sq. ft. $8,512 $2.24 per sq. ft. $7,168 School District (High School) $0.79 per sq. ft. $3,002 $0.79 per sq. ft. $2,528 Sewer $355 (Permit Fee) $8,155 (Connection); $1,288 (Capacity Fee) $19,596 $355 (Permit Fee) $8,155 (Connection); $1,120 (Capacity Fee) $38,520 Fire – Site and Architecture (Residential) $91 $182 $91 $364 Total $71,956 $80,152 Per Unit Cost $35,978 $20,038 Source: City of Campbell, West Bay Sanitary District, Campbell Unified School District, Campbell High School District, Santa Clara County Fire District, March 2014 1. The fees included here are typical fees, the exact fee amounts will vary based upon the precise location and nature of the project being permitted. In some cases, minor cost recovery fees have been added to simplify the presentation. 2. State Mandated fees. 3. Assumes no credit for private open space. Municipal Code Section 20.24.110 allows credits against the City’s parkland dedication/in-lieu fee requirements for private open space amenities. These credits could further reduce these impact fee amounts. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 24 As indicated in Table B-8, average development fees for the prototypical single-family in-fill project was approximately $35,978 per unit while the cost for a small multi-family attached residential project was approximately $20,038 per unit. In 2008, a similar case study analysis indicated that the typical costs were about $32,000 and $24,000 per unit, respectively. F. Building Codes and Enforcement The City of Campbell has adopted the International Building Code of 2013, as amended by California’s State Building Regulations (Title 24), which establishes standards and requires inspections at various stages of construction to ensure code compliance. The City’s building code also requires new residential construction to comply with the federal American with Disabilities Act (ADA), which specifies a minimum percentage of dwelling units in new developments that must be fully accessible to the physically disabled. Although these standards and the time required for inspections increase housing production costs and may impact the viability of rehabilitation of older properties which are required to be brought up to current code standards, the intent of the codes is to provide structurally sound, safe, and energy-efficient housing. The City administers a Code Enforcement Program that aims to preserve and maintain the livability and quality of neighborhoods. Code enforcement staff investigates violations of property maintenance standards as defined in the Municipal Code as well as other complaints. When violations are identified or cited, staff encourages property owners to seek assistance through the rehabilitation assistance programs offered by Campbell or by the County of Santa Clara. G. Site Improvements Developers of single-family residential tracts in the City are required to improve arterial and local streets; curbs, gutters, sidewalks; water lines; sewer; street lighting; and trees in the public right-of- way within and adjacent to a tract. These capital improvements are in most cases dedicated to the City or other agencies that are responsible for maintenance. Without improvement requirements, there are no other means of providing necessary infrastructure. Requirements for site improvements are at a level necessary to meet the City's costs and are necessary to protect health, safety, and welfare. The cost of these required improvements vary upon the width of property frontage. The developed portions of Campbell are already improved with necessary infrastructure, such as streets, electrical and water facilities. Depending on the project and the condition of the existing infrastructure, some projects may see a reduction in some site improvement costs. This reduction can help make some projects more affordable. The Circulation Element of the City of Campbell’s General Plan establishes the City’s street width standards. Residential streets are required to have a standard 40 foot curb-to-curb width, with park strips and sidewalks. The City does allow reduced 36 foot street widths, although due to the impact on fire truck access, reduced street widths trigger fire sprinkler requirements in single-family homes. Most projects utilize private streets where the site constraints determine the specific street design. The City has also allowed rolled curbs in situations where there is a reduced parkway/sidewalk width as a means of facilitating handicapped access for persons using the sidewalk. An example is the San City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 25 Tomas Area, a 1.5 square mile area in the southwest of the City governed by the San Tomas Area Neighborhood Plan. This Plan requires rolled curbs and no sidewalks on minor streets to create a semi- rural atmosphere, resulting in a reduced cost for off-site improvements. 3. Availability of Public Facilities and Services As an urbanized community, Campbell has in place the necessary infrastructure to support additional residential development. All land designated for residential or mixed-use are served by sewer and water lines, streets, storm drains, telephone, electrical and gas lines. Public water supplies are provided by the San Jose Water Company and public sewer is provided by the West Valley Sanitation District. Natural gas and electricity is provided by Pacific Gas and Electric Company. Pursuant to the 2001 General Plan Environmental Impact Report, there is adequate water and sewer capacity to serve future development. To ensure the availability and adequacy of public facilities and services for future development, the City, along with other providers of public services (e.g., water and sewer), will continue to carry out regular infrastructure improvements and upgrading. 4. Environmental Constraints Environmental constraints and hazards affect, in varying degrees, existing and future residential developments in Campbell. Discussed below are the major environmental hazards in the City. (More detailed discussion of environmental safety issues is provided in the Health and Safety Element of the General Plan) A. Geologic and Seismic Hazards Campbell is subject to the effects of earthquakes due to its location at the tectonic boundary between the Pacific and North American Plates. The movement of these plates leads to the accumulation of strain energy in the crustal rocks of the Bay Area. The release of strain energy by the sudden movement of a fault creates earthquakes. Several active faults in the Bay Area region create a high likelihood of future seismic events affecting Campbell. In particular, the San Andreas Fault, the Hayward-Rodgers Creek Fault and the Calaveras Fault pose the greatest earthquake threat because they have high quake odds and run through the Santa Clara Valley region’s urban core. Within Campbell, earthquake damage to structures can be caused by ground rupture, near-field effects, liquefaction and ground shaking. Damage associated with ground rupture is normally confined to roads, buildings and utilities within a narrow band along a fault. The primary earthquake hazards are ground shaking (acceleration of surface material) and liquefaction (sudden loss of soil strength due to the upward migration of groundwater as a result of ground shaking). Liquefaction in Campbell is most likely to occur in areas with fine-grained alluvial soils. Unreinforced masonry buildings are extremely susceptible to ground shaking. The 1989 City Unreinforced Masonry Ordinance identified ten potentially hazardous buildings identified in the City. All of these buildings are non-residential structures. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix B: Housing Constraints Page B 26 B. Fire Hazards Campbell may be affected by brush and structural fires that can threaten life and property. Brush fires may occur due to natural or human causes on vacant lots where accumulation of weeds has increased the fuel load. Structure fires are most likely in buildings constructed prior to the advent of modern building codes, which comprise an increasingly smaller share of fire activity in Campbell. Most new buildings are equipped with fire protection features such as alarm systems and sprinklers. Campbell is not located in or immediately adjacent to areas subject to the hazards associated with wild land fires. C. Flood Hazards A flood is a temporary increase in water flow that overtops the banks of a river, stream, or drainage channel to inundate adjacent areas not normally covered by water. Only a very small portion of Campbell is subject to flooding, according to maps issued by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Although natural factors such as overgrown brush and trees in creek channels can obstruct water flow and increase flood damage, development poses the highest potential to increase the magnitude and frequency of flooding. Campbell is primarily a suburban community with few undeveloped areas where storm water can percolate into the ground. Additional paving will further reduce infiltration and increase surface runoff. Localized flooding may also occur in low spots or where infrastructure is unable to accommodate peak flows during a storm event. In most cases, localized flooding dissipates quickly after heavy rain ceases. Many streets in the San Tomas neighborhood annexed into the City in the 1970s have a rural character with no curb, gutter or paving, which precludes installation of storm drain facilities. Although some nuisance flooding results, the City anticipates preserving the rural character of the area. No opportunity sites are located within the San Tomas neighborhood. D. Impact of Environmental Constraints on Development In summary, while Campbell is subject to the environmental constraints described above, the City’s General Plan Health and Safety Element sets forth a series of actions to minimize these constraints. Campbell incorporates this knowledge of safety hazards into its land use planning and development review processes. The residential opportunity sites identified in the Housing Element were all evaluated for their suitability for housing as part of the environmental impact report (EIR) on the City’s 2001 General Plan. The EIR concluded that all the opportunity sites – many of which were newly designated for mixed use under the General Plan – were suitable for residential use and their development would not result in a significant environmental impact. Campbell’s General Plan EIR is a program EIR which is based on the concept of “tiering”, which means that as project proposals are made on specific sites, the need for additional environmental analysis will be determined. If a proposed project has the potential for impacts which exceed those discussed in the General Plan EIR, additional environmental analysis will be required at that time. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 1 APPENDIX C. HOUSING ACCOMPLISHMENTS This section of the Housing Element discusses the characteristics of the City’s population and housing stock as a means of better understanding the nature and extent of unmet housing needs. Appendix C, the Housing Needs Assessment is comprised of the following components: (1) Evaluation of the Accomplishments under the Adopted Housing Element; and (2) Summary of the Quantified Objectives. In order to develop an effective housing strategy for the 2015 to 2023 planning period, the City must assess the achievements of the existing housing programs. This assessment allows the City to determine the effectiveness and continued appropriateness of the existing programs and make necessary adjustments for the next eight years. 1. Evaluation of Accomplishments under the Adopted Housing Element Under State Housing Element law, communities are required to assess the achievements under their adopted housing programs as part of the update to their housing elements. These results should be quantified where possible (e.g. the number of units that were rehabilitated), but may be qualitative where necessary (e.g. mitigation of governmental constraints). The results should then be compared with what was projected or planned in the earlier element. Where significant shortfalls exist between what was planned and what was achieved, the reasons for such differences must be discussed. A. Housing Element Goals and Policies Campbell’s last Housing Element was adopted on August 27, 2009, and contained six goals that provided a foundation for a series of housing programs. The goals and related policies from the 2009—2014 Campbell Housing Element are as follows. Goal H-1: Maintain and enhance the quality of existing housing and residential neighborhoods in Campbell. Policy H-1.1 Property Maintenance: Encourage property owners to maintain properties in sound condition through the City’s residential rehabilitation assistance programs and code enforcement efforts. Policy H-1.2: Acquisition and Rehabilitation: Strengthen multi-family neighborhoods through partnership with non-profit housing providers in the acquisition and rehabilitation of older residential structures, and maintenance as long-term affordable housing. Goal H-2: Improve housing affordability for both renters and homeowners in Campbell. 1 Policy H-2.1: Preservation of Affordable Housing: Work with property owners, tenants and non-profit purchasers to facilitate the preservation of assisted rental housing. 1 There was no Policy H-2.4 in the 2009-2014 Element. Policy H-2.4 was originally included in the 2001 Housing Element but was not carried over into the 2009 document. The original numbering has been retained in this Appendix for continuity purposes. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 2 Policy H-2.2: Rental Assistance: Support the provision of rental assistance to lower-income households. Policy H-2.3: Homeownership Opportunities: Support the provision of homeownership assistance to lower- and moderate-income households. Policy H-2.5: Special Needs Housing: Assist in the provision of housing and supportive services to persons with special needs, including (but not limited to): seniors, single parents with children, persons with disabilities, the homeless, and those at risk of homelessness. Goal H-3: Encourage the provision of housing affordable to a variety of household income levels. Policy H-3.1: Housing Development: Support the development of additional affordable housing by non- profit and for-profit developers through financial assistance and/or regulatory incentives. Policy H-3.2: Inclusionary Housing: Ensure that new residential development in Campbell integrates units affordable to lower- and moderate-income households, or contributes funds to support affordable housing activities. Create additional levels of affordability within the Inclusionary Housing ordinance in a way that does not create a governmental constraint to housing production. Policy H-3.3: Green Building: Encourage the use of sustainable and green building design in new and existing housing. Goal H-4: Provide adequate housing sites through appropriate land use and zoning designations to accommodate the City’s share of regional housing needs. Policy H-4.1: Residential Sites: Assist developers in identifying sites suitable for residential and mixed use development, and facilitate development through the provision of financial and regulatory incentives, as appropriate. Policy H-4.2: Mixed-Use Development: Promote mixed-use development where housing is located near jobs, services, shopping, schools, and public transportation. Policy H-4.3: Planned For Densities: Encourage the efficient and sustainable use of land through residential development near existing light rail stations (within 1/4 mile radius) and/or within the boundaries of the Winchester Boulevard Plan and East Campbell Avenue plan areas, achieve at least 75 percent of the maximum General Plan Land Use category densities. Goal H-5: Minimize the impact of potential governmental constraints on the maintenance, improvement and development of housing. Policy H-5.1: Regulatory Incentives: Provide regulatory and/or financial incentives where appropriate to offset or reduce the costs of affordable housing development, including density bonuses and flexibility in site development standards. Policy H-5.2: Secondary Dwelling Units: Provide for the infill of modestly priced rental housing by encouraging secondary units in residential neighborhoods. Policy H-5.3: Revise the City’s Zoning Code: Clarify provisions for transitional and supportive housing, emergency shelters and Single Room Occupancy (SRO) facilities. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 3 Goal H-6: Promote equal opportunity for all residents to reside in the housing of their choice. Policy H-6.1: Fair Housing: Support the provision of fair housing services. Policy H-6.2: Rights of Tenants and Landlords: Assist in educating tenants and landlords, and settling disputes between the two parties. Policy H-6.3: Housing Accessibility: Address the special needs of persons with disabilities through provision of supportive housing, homeowner accessibility grants, and provision of reasonable accommodation procedures. B. Housing Element Implementation Program Accomplishments This section reviews the progress in implementing the housing programs since 2009, and their continued appropriateness for the 2015-2023 Housing Element. Table C-1 summarizes the City’s housing program accomplishments since 2009 through 2013 and assesses the appropriateness of continuing the program. Table C-1: Review of Accomplishments under 2009 - 2014 Housing Element Policy H-1.1: Property Maintenance. Encourage property owners to maintain properties in sound condition through the City’s residential rehabilitation assistance programs and code enforcement efforts. Program Accomplishments H-1.1a Housing Rehabilitation Loan Program Action: Provide financial assistance to owners of single-family homes and mobile homes who lack sufficient resources to make needed health and safety repairs. Assist 50 households over the 2009-2014 time period (10 extremely low, 35 very low, and 5 low income households). Progress: Between 2009-2012, the City assisted a total 61 households for either rehab loans or repair grants. Beginning in mid-2012, the County of Santa Clara took on these responsibilities. No information is available concerning the County’s subsequent implementation of these programs. Effectiveness: During its operation the City met overall housing rehabilitation and repair goals (approximately half way through the Housing Element cycle, approximately half the number of loans and grants had been issued). The programs are and have been effective in addressing health and safety repairs as well as some cosmetic repairs. Appropriateness: Given the ongoing need to maintain the City’s aging housing stock, the need for these programs remains highly appropriate. However, the transfer of the program to the County means that fewer loans and grants may be available to City residents. H-1.1b Emergency Home Repair Grant Program Action: Assist lower-income families and seniors in making repairs to correct urgent safety or health problems. Assist 50 households over the 2009-2014 time period (35 extremely low and 15 very low income households). H-1.1c Code Enforcement Program Action: Ensure ongoing maintenance of housing stock. Continue to implement current program, and establish annual goal for units that could qualify for rehabilitation assistance. Progress: The City continues to maintain a Code Enforcement Program to ensure compliance with local land use and housing requirements. The current program relies on both proactive field surveys and reactive responses to public complaints. Between 2010 and 2013, the City’s Code Enforcement Program did an average of 127 inspections per year (no information was available for 2009). Effectiveness: The Program has been effective at addressing housing condition issues. Appropriateness: The Program remains appropriate for the upcoming period. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 4 Policy H-1.2: Acquisition and Rehabilitation Strengthen multi-family neighborhoods through partnership with non-profit housing providers in the acquisition and rehabilitation of older residential structures, and maintenance as long-term affordable housing. Program Accomplishments H-1.2a Multi-Family Acquisition and Rehabilitation Action: Assist non-profit housing corporations in identifying and acquiring deteriorating properties in need of rehabilitation. Provide financial assistance in acquisition and rehabilitation of targeted properties. Progress: No requests for financial assistance for Multi-Family Acquisition and Rehabilitation were made to the City. No set-aside funds were used in this period for this program. Due to the elimination of RDA in 2012, no funds are currently available for this program. Effectiveness: No new acquisition/rehab projects were identified in the prior reporting period. Appropriateness: The program remains appropriate. However the loss of RDA set aside funds leaves the program without a specified funding source. If this program is continued in the future, the lack of identified local funding source(s) represents an obstacle to meeting this goal. Policy H-2.1: Preservation of Affordable Housing Work with property owners, tenants and non-profit purchasers to facilitate the preservation of assisted rental housing. Program Accomplishments H-2.1a Preservation of Assisted Housing Action: Preserve 390 rental units at-risk of conversion. Monitor at-risk units, participate in preservation, conduct tenant education and support in location of alternate housing. Progress: During the 2009 – 2014 period no affordable rental project was converted to market rate. The City continues to monitor at-risk units through the preparation of an Annual Housing Element Progress Report. Additionally, the City provided technical assistance to San Tomas Gardens and Rincon Gardens by facilitating tax credits to continue providing affordable units. The City provided financial assistance to Sharmon Palms through deferred low-interest, long-term loans to allow them to continue to provide affordable units. The City is currently working with Senior Housing Solutions to transfer ownership of 3 senior residences to Catholic Charities. No set-aside funds were used during this period for this program. Effectiveness: The program is very successful at preserving assisted rental housing. Appropriateness: Preservation of assisted rental housing remains highly appropriate. The Planning Department maintains a list of affordable housing projects, and it will be important for the City to continue to verify the status of the projects each year. Campbell does not anticipate the loss of any affordable units in the next cycle. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 5 Policy H-2.2: Rental Assistance Support the provision of rental assistance to lower-income households. Program Accomplishments H-2.2a Section 8 Rental Assistance Action: Continue to provide Section 8 rental assistance in cooperation with the County to assist extremely low and very low income tenants. Progress: The City encourages landlords to contact the Housing Authority for Section 8 rental assistance. Information on Section 8 rental assistance is available on the City’s website. Housing Authority handouts have also been made available to interested parties. Effectiveness: The program is very successful in providing needed rental assistance in Campbell. Appropriateness: The program remains appropriate for the upcoming period. H-2.2b One-time Rental Assistance Program Action: In partnership with Catholic Charities and Sacred Heart, and Redevelopment Agency to assist residents at risk of homelessness by providing one- time or temporary rental assistance Progress: During this period, the City provided assistance through set-aside funds to approximately 160 households. During its operation the City met overall housing rehabilitation and repair goals - approximately half way through the Housing Element cycle, half the number of loans and grants had been issued. However, after the elimination of the Redevelopment Agency and the loss of CDBG funding, program funding has been eliminated. Effectiveness: The rental assistance program was effective in preventing homelessness from short-term financial difficulties. Appropriateness: The need for the program remains appropriate for the upcoming Housing Element cycle. However, no funding sources have been identified. If this program is continued in the future, the lack of identified local funding source(s) represents an obstacle to meeting this goal. Policy H-2.3: Homeownership Opportunities Support the provision of homeownership assistance to lower- and moderate-income households. Program Accomplishments H-2.3a First Time Homebuyer Program Action: Assist in expanding home- ownership opportunities to moderate income households. Provide financial assistance to 50 households between 2009 and 2014. Progress: Between 2009-2013, the City provided 14 loans for this program, prior to dissolution of RDA. The County of Santa Clara Office of Affordable Housing now provides First Time Homebuyer loans to Campbell residents as part of their County-wide program. The First Time Homebuyer Program was advertised on the City’s website, and is still advertised on the City’s website with information directing the public to contact other agencies that can assist with first time home buyer loans. Effectiveness: The loss of RDA funding limited the effectiveness of this program after 2011. Appropriateness: The program remains appropriate however the loss of RDA set aside funds leaves the program without a specified funding source. If this program is continued in the future, the lack of identified local funding source(s) represents an obstacle to meeting this goal. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 6 Policy H-2.3: Homeownership Opportunities Support the provision of homeownership assistance to lower- and moderate-income households. Program Accomplishments H-2.3b Mortgage Credit Certificate Action: Promote the MCC Program through local realtors, on the City’s website, and through the City’s Housing Program brochure. Progress: The City advertises the Mortgage Credit Certificate Program on the City’s website directing the public to contact their lender. No MCC’s were issued during the period of this Housing Element. Effectiveness: As long as Congress continues to approve funds for the MCC program, Santa Clara County will be eligible to receive them. Appropriateness: At $570,000, the maximum purchase prices for existing units under the MCC program could still apply in Campbell (although few new units would fall within the $630,000 maximum purchase price for new construction). While the MCC program remains appropriate, rather than a numeric goal, the City’s objective will be to promote program availability. H-2.3c Foreclosure Prevention Action: Promote the availability of foreclosure counseling services. Progress: Between 2009-2013, the City provided foreclosure counseling services through Project Sentinel. Property owners were notified through the City newsletter, website and direct mailing. Effectiveness: This program was very effective in previous Housing Element cycles, however the loss of RDA funding means that no records were kept regarding this program. Appropriateness: The program remains appropriate for the upcoming period. Policy H-2.5: Special Needs Housing Assist in the provision of housing and supportive services to persons with special needs, including (but not limited to): seniors, single parents with children, persons with disabilities, the homeless, and those at risk of homelessness. Program Accomplishments H-2.5a Shared Housing Program Action: Support provision of shared housing opportunities offered through outside agencies. Continue to fund and advertise program. Progress: Based on the Great Recession, no shared housing programs were established for seniors or single-parents. Effectiveness: The program has been effective and the City anticipated the continuation of this program through Catholic Charities shared housing program. Appropriateness: The program remains appropriate for single parent households and seniors. However, there is no funding for this activity and long agency with the resources to provide this service. If this program is continued in the future, the lack of identified local funding source(s) represents an obstacle to the continuation of this program. H-2.5b Homeless Assistance/ Shelter Provisions Action: Coordinate efforts with Silicon Valley jurisdictions and service providers to assist the homeless. Progress: The City continues to refer homeless persons and families needing assistance to organizations that provide these services and continues to participate in regional activities and programs. Effectiveness: The program has been somewhat effective at bringing homeless persons in contact with support and assistance organizations in the county. Appropriateness: The 2013 Homeless Census and Survey indicated that there are 91 homeless persons in Campbell. As a result, the program remains appropriate for the upcoming period. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 7 Policy H-3.1: Housing Development Support the development of additional affordable housing by non-profit and for-profit developers through financial assistance and/or regulatory incentives. Program Accomplishments H-3.1a Affordable Housing Development Action: Grant land write-downs, regulatory incentives, and/or direct assistance to support development of affordable housing for families, seniors and special needs populations. The City’s Redevelopment Agency will partner with affordable housing developers to integrate extremely low income units into new rental developments. Progress: City staff continues to meet with developers for potential affordable housing sites. City provided financial assistance for 511 - 555 W. Campbell Avenue for development of 16 low, and 8 very low affordable units. The elimination of the Redevelopment Agency in 2012 has limited the ability of the City to financially assist in additional affordable housing projects. Effectiveness: Despite limited financial resources, the City was successful in facilitating several affordable housing projects through a combination of financial and regulatory tools. Appropriateness: Providing financial and regulatory support for affordable housing remains critical to addressing the City’s housing needs. Future programs will not have the powers and resources previously utilized by the Redevelopment Agency. If this program is continued in the future, the lack of identified local funding source(s) represents an obstacle to the continuation of this program. Policy H-3.2: Inclusionary Housing Ensure that new residential development in Campbell integrates units affordable to lower- and moderate-income households, or contributes funds to support affordable housing activities. Create additional levels of affordability within the Inclusionary Housing ordinance in a way that does not create a governmental constraint to housing production. Program Accomplishments H-3.2a Citywide Inclusionary Housing Ordinance Action: Amend the Inclusionary Housing ordinance to provide more flexibility for targeting lower affordability levels. Progress: In 2006 the City adopted an Inclusionary Ordinance requiring 15% affordability citywide. Rental projects are required to provide low and very low income units (Min. 40% very low), and ownership projects are required to provide low and moderate income units. The Ordinance also included provisions for in-lieu fees. The City continues to implement the program. Due to the recession and staff turn-over, the ordinance has not been updated. Effectiveness: The inclusionary ordinance has been effective in integrating affordable units within market rate developments. Two projects have taken advantage of density bonus incentives in conjunction with fulfilling inclusionary requirements. Appropriateness: The inclusionary ordinance remains appropriate to continue in the next Housing Element cycle. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 8 Policy H-3.3: Green Building Encourage the use of sustainable and green building design in new and existing housing. Program Accomplishments H-3.3a Green Building Action: The City is concerned about the continued availability of all resources for the development of affordable housing. The City of Campbell has adopted three Green policies as recommended by the Santa Clara County Cities Green Building Collaborative (GBC), intended to promote climate protection strategies and regional reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. GBC’s three near term policy recommendations, adopted by Campbell include the following:  Recognizing/adopting the LEED and GreenPoint Rated rating systems as a standard for green building evaluation;  Completion of the “Green Checklist” as part of development applications, including remodels over 500 square feet; and  LEED Silver certification for all new or renovated municipal buildings over 5,000 square feet. Progress: The City implements these requirements as part of the planning/entitlement and building permit phases and requires the completion of the “green checklist” for retrofits and new development. In 2010, additional green building measures were added to the City’s Green Building Ordinance including requiring CalGreen mandatory on all residential units, and on all non-residential remodels and tenant improvements meeting particular conditions. The City also provided the Green Building requirements on the City’s website. In February 2014, the City adopted the California Green Building Code Standards to ensure that new development follows the State requirements to promote green buildings. Effectiveness: The Program has resulted in new residential projects being built to a “greener” standard. Appropriateness: The Program remains appropriate for the upcoming Housing Element cycle. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 9 Policy H-4.1: Residential Sites Assist developers in identifying sites suitable for residential and mixed use development, and facilitate development through the provision of financial and regulatory incentives, as appropriate. Program Accomplishments H-4.1a Housing Opportunity Sites Action: As part of the update to the Housing Element, a parcel-specific analysis of vacant and underutilized sites was conducted to identify Opportunity Sites for development within the planning period. The Opportunity Sites analysis identifies 18 sites that have adequate capacity to address Campbell’s 2009-2014 housing production goals. In order to specifically encourage and facilitate development on these Opportunity Sites, the City will undertake the following actions:  Contact property owners within the Opportunity Sites to discuss the City’s desire to develop housing in these areas and the availability of financial and regulatory development incentives.  Allow for reductions in parking for properties within 1/4 mile of a VTA light rail station.  Post the Housing Element sites inventory on the City’s website as a tool for developers, and provide as a handout at the public counter.  Describe P-D development standards, derived from applicable Area Plans and comparable zoning districts, in sites inventory to provide greater clarity to developers.  Update on an annual basis in conjunction with the General Plan progress report.  Provide technical assistance to property owners and developers in support of lot consolidation, including assessor parcel data and information on density and design incentives.  Assist developers in completing funding applications in support of development, and as appropriate, provide local funds and/or land as leverage. Progress: City maintains an active list of opportunity sites, contacts property owners, promotes sites on the City’s website, and updates sites as needed. The City has consistently implemented the majority of these provisions into Campbell’s development review and public information processes. There are two provisions that have not been consistently implemented area the General Plan program report, which were not prepared in a timely manner in recent years due to budget cuts and staff turnover, and providing local funds for development as a result of the loss of the Redevelopment Agency in 2012. The loss of Redevelopment Agency funding combined with the effects of the Great Recession significantly reduced the ability of the City to provide financial support to residential projects. Effectiveness: Higher density residential development has occurred (or is currently underway) on five of the 18 Opportunity Site Areas and parking two parking reductions were approved. These projects resulted in the development of 31 additional affordable units. The Planned Development (P-D) Zone continues to facilitate flexible development that accommodates higher density residential development. Appropriateness: Many of these activities continue to be appropriate during the upcoming Housing element cycle. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 10 Policy H-4.2: Mixed-Use Development Promote mixed-use development where housing is located near jobs, services, shopping, schools, and public transportation. Program Accomplishments H-4.2a Mixed-Use Development Action: The City will ensure that residential development is included in the mixed-use projects on opportunity sites in order to address RHNA goals. Mixed-use development will be located next to sidewalks or landscape setback areas adjacent to the public street to enhance visibility, pedestrian access and interaction with the commercial uses. The maximum floor area ratios (FAR) are contained in specific land use policies within each Area or Specific Plan. Residential densities are not counted against the allowable FAR. Progress: The City has also implemented mixed use development principles in several projects approved during the 2009-2014 Housing Element Cycle. The Merrill Gardens senior housing development, Bay West, and Riverside Plaza projects all contained both commercial and residential uses in a mixed use context. Additionally, the parking ordinance was amended in 2011 to accommodate shared parking between commercial and residential uses to accommodate the parking needs for mixed-use developments. Effectiveness: Four of the five higher density projects on the 18 Opportunity Site Areas incorporated mixed use principles into their designs. (The single Opportunity Site project, a small lot single family in-fill project, was not located in an area where a mixed use development was viable or appropriate.) This program has been very effective in encouraging mixed-use development. Appropriateness: This action statement is still appropriate to facilitate mixed- use projects. Policy H-4.3: Planned For Densities Encourage the efficient and sustainable use of land through residential development near existing light rail stations (within 1/4 mile radius) and/or within the boundaries of the Winchester Boulevard Plan and East Campbell Avenue plan areas, to achieve at least 75 percent of the maximum General Plan Land Use category densities. Program Accomplishments H-4.3a Planned for Densities Action: To encourage the efficient and sustainable use of land, the City encourages residential development that is proposed near existing light rail stations (within 1/4 mile radius) and/or within the boundaries of the Winchester Boulevard Plan and East Campbell Avenue plan areas, to achieve at least 75 percent of the maximum General Plan Land Use category densities. The City will review development proposals to strive to achieve the “planned for” densities. Progress: City staff has been active to inform developers to develop at the higher end of permitted densities. The Planning Department informs applicants of Council policy that projects need to be constructed with a density at least 75% of the maximum allowable density. Effectiveness: The policy has been effective at obtaining higher residential densities in recently projects. Appropriateness: This policy is effective at creating higher density projects with more dwelling units and should be continued. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 11 Policy H-5.1: Regulatory Incentives Provide regulatory and/or financial incentives where appropriate to offset or reduce the costs of affordable housing development, including density bonuses and flexibility in site development standards. Program Accomplishments H-5.1a Density Bonus Action: Continue to offer density bonus and/or other regulatory incentives/ concessions to facilitate affordable and senior housing; advertise program availability. In compliance with current State law, the City offers density bonuses and regulatory incentives/ concessions to developers of affordable and/or senior housing in all residential zones. Applicants of residential projects of five or more units may apply for a density bonus and additional development incentive(s) if the project provides for one of the following:  10 percent of the total units for lower income households; or  5 percent of the total units for very low income households; or  A senior citizen housing development or mobile home park that limits residency based on age requirements for housing for older persons; or  10 percent of the total dwelling units in a condominium for moderate income households. Progress: In 2008, the Density Bonus Ordinance was updated to be consistent with state law. The City includes information on the City’s website regarding density bonus program. During the planning period, the Merrill Gardens and Bay West projects were granted affordable housing density bonuses. Effectiveness: The City advertises the availability of density bonus incentives on its website, and provides information to prospective residential applicants. Appropriateness: Based upon local experience, density bonuses offer a means of offsetting the cost of providing additional affordable units. Policy H-5.2: Secondary Dwelling Units Provide for the infill of modestly priced rental housing by encouraging secondary units in residential neighborhoods Program Accomplishments H-5.2a Secondary Dwelling Units Action: Facilitate the construction of new second units. The City will facilitate the construction of new second units by making information available to the public. Progress: Between 2009-2013, nine secondary dwelling unit permits were approved. However, only 4 were constructed and obtained final occupancy certificates. Some of the remaining permits have expired while one is currently in plan check. Effectiveness: With an average of 2 secondary dwelling unit applications annually, this program has been effective in provided needed rental housing. Appropriateness: This program should be continued. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 12 Policy H-5.3: Revised Zoning Code Revise the City’s Zoning Code to clarify provisions for transitional and supportive housing, emergency shelters and Single Room Occupancy (SRO) facilities. Program Accomplishments H-5.3a Zoning Text Amendments Action: Amend Zoning Code as part of the Governmental Constraints analysis for the Housing Element update and pursuant to new requirements under SB 2, several revisions to the Campbell Zoning Code have been identified as appropriate to better facilitate the provision of a variety of housing types. These zoning revisions include:  Specifically list manufactured housing as a permitted use within the R-1 zone, subject to architectural requirements within the parameters of State law.  Revise the current zoning definition of “family” consistent with state and federal fair housing laws.  Add single room occupancy (SRO) facilities within the Code’s definition section, and conditionally allow them within the R-3-S zone.  Eliminate the CUP and spacing requirements for transitional housing in residential zones.  Identify emergency shelters as a permitted use in that portion of the M- 1 zone bounded generally by Camden Avenue, Los Gatos Creek County Park, Hacienda Avenue and Winchester Boulevard. Progress: The City is in the process of amending the Municipal Code to address these issues. City Council adoption of these items is expected in September of 2014, completing this program. Effectiveness: Amendment the Municipal Code is an effective method to deal with changes to State Planning and Zoning Law. Appropriateness: Periodic amendments of the Municipal Code and General Plan to comply with changes in legal requirements are expected to continue. Policy H-6.1: Fair Housing Support the provision of fair housing services. Program Accomplishments H-6.1a Fair Housing Program Action: Through the County, continue to financially support Project Sentinel and promote the organization’s fair housing services through dissemination of brochures. Progress: The City continues to refer Fair Housing complaints to Project Sentinel. Effectiveness: This program has proven to be very effective in educating rental property owners and defending discrimination cases. Appropriateness: This program is still appropriate and will continue to receive funds from Santa Clara County to provide services to all non-entitlement cities, including Campbell. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 13 Policy H-6.2:Right of Tenants and Landlords Assist in educating tenants and landlords, and settling disputes between the two parties. Program Accomplishments H-6.2a Rent Mediation Program Action: Continue to enforce the Rental Increase Dispute Resolution Ordinance and offer the Rent Mediation Program as a means of settling disputes/issues between tenants and landlords; advertise program availability. Progress: Tenant and landlord conciliations and mediations continue to occur as needed. The City contracts through Project Sentinel to provide assistance in settling disputes/issues between landlord and tenants. The City and Project Sentinel both provide brochures, and the City provides information on the City website on how to contact Project Sentinel. Effectiveness: This program is very effective and has a historic track record of resolving over 90% of cases. Appropriateness: This service continues to be appropriate and is funded through the City’s business license fees paid by apartment owners. Policy H-6.3: Housing Accessibility Address the special needs of persons with disabilities through provision of supportive housing, homeowner accessibility grants, and provision of reasonable accommodation procedures. Program Accomplishments H-6.3a Reasonable Accommodation Action: The City will monitor its reasonable accommodation procedure for its effectiveness and potential impacts on housing for persons with disabilities. Progress: The City receives less than one request per year (on average). The City annually provides monitoring by submitting the Annual Housing Element progress report. Effectiveness: This program has resulted in appropriate accommodations in housing for the disabled. Appropriateness: This program continues to be appropriate. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix C: Housing Program Accomplishments Page C 14 2. Summary of Quantified Objectives Table C-2 summarizes the quantified objectives contained in Campbell’s 2009 – 2014 Housing Element, and compares the City’s progress in fulfilling these objectives. This summary is based upon actual building permits from 2009 -2013 with the addition of residential units currently under construction. As illustrated in Table C-2, based on review of residential building permits issued between January 2009 and December 2012, the City fulfilled 61 percent of its total regional housing construction needs as indicated by RHNA. This is based upon the standard of project building at densities greater than 20 units per acre that are potentially affordable by most income groups. This is demonstrated by the large number of Low Income-affordable housing that was constructed during the period. However, housing production during this period was adversely effected by The Great Recession. In recent years the amount of housing production has increased to pre-recession level. Table C-2: Summary of Quantified Objectives Income Level New Construction Rehabilitation Conservation Goal1 Progress Goal2 Progress Goal3 Progress Very Low 199 32 14 – 34 61 234 234 Low 122 300 16 - 36 419 419 Moderate 158 67 - - - Above Moderate 413 149 - - - Totals 892 543 50 61 653 653 1. Reflects RHNA. 2. Reflects City assisted single-family rehabilitation. 3. Reflects Section 8 (234 households) and preservation of the at-risk units. The City and its Redevelopment Agency facilitated development of several affordable and mixed income projects during the planning period. The City’s Below Market Rate Housing program resulted in the construction of 32 Very Low Income units. In addition five secondary dwelling units were also constructed and are shown in the Moderate Income category. Rent levels for second units can be approximated by looking at rents for one-bedroom apartments, which average around $1,725 in Campbell, compared to a low income rent threshold of $1,600 for a one- bedroom unit and $2,435 for moderate income households. In terms of housing rehabilitation, the City provided assistance to 61 single-family homeowners, fulfilling its goal to assist 50 households prior to the loss of the RDA and CDBG funding. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 1 APPENDIX D. INVENTORY OF OPPORTUNITY SITES 1. Introduction Appendix D contains a detailed opportunity sites analysis of specific sites that has been prepared to demonstrate that an adequate inventory of vacant and underutilized land with appropriate general plan and zoning designations currently exists to meet the City of Campbell’s Regional Housing Need Allocation (RHNA) requirements. The following table provides a parcel-specific detailed analysis of the various Opportunity Sites for the City of Campbell, suitable for development within the 2015-2023 planning period. 2. Local Setting Campbell is a substantially built out City with very few vacant properties. In the context of this discussion, “built-out” means the existence of a structure or an active use on virtually all properties in Campbell. In addition, many of the currently vacant sites were also once occupied by a structure. Consequently, virtually all new development involves the removal of existing structures and the re-use or redevelopment of a site. This condition has not prevented the development of new housing in Campbell and is the common practice in substantially built-out urban areas. 3. Opportunity Sites A. Methodology The identification of potential sites was based upon several criteria. A detailed analysis of potential opportunity site areas was conducted during the preparation of the Housing Element. The focus of the site selection was the need to ensure that the objectives of the Housing Element were integrated with the other elements of the General Plan. The Land Use and Transportation Element of the General Plan has an objective of concentrating new residential development around the existing VTA transit stations and around the downtown (i.e. the designated Priority Development Area) to facilitate the redevelopment of areas with under-utilized sites and/or occupied with obsolete buildings, and to try to reduce traffic impacts. Five of the six Opportunity Site Areas meet this objective. The sixth Opportunity Site Area, the Dot Avenue area was also included since it represents one of the largest vacant residential sites in Campbell. If this initial screening process had not succeeded in identifying adequate opportunity sites, then other lower priority areas (e.g. more remote to transit, etc.) would have been included. Each of the Opportunity Sites have the appropriate General Plan and Zoning designations to accommodate housing and have access to roads, water, sewer, electricity and/or natural gas, and telecommunication services. Several opportunity site areas from the 2009-2014 Housing Element were removed from consideration in the 2015-2023 Element. Much of the 2009 Area 2 (West Campbell Avenue), 2009 Area 4 (East Campbell Avenue), and 2009 Area 6a (NOCA) were removed from the list of sites because many of the areas have already been developed with new higher density housing or with revitalized commercial development. The remaining vacant sites in these areas (NOCA, East Campbell Avenue, and Dot Avenue) are still on the City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D-2 list of opportunity sites. The northern and central portions of the Winchester Boulevard corridor were also removed since these previously developed sites were more remote from the transit stations and because the City was able to meet its RHNA requirements with higher priority sites located closer to transit. B. Opportunity Site Areas Using the criteria discussed above, six Opportunity Site Areas were identified by the City. Most of the Opportunity Sites Areas are located in and around the Priority Development Area and/or are within one- half mile of a VTA Station. Most of the identified Opportunity Site Areas have a realistic potential for mixed use development and many correspond to actual master or area plan boundaries intended to facilitate the development of mixed use projects. The exceptions are the Bascom Avenue Corridor, Dot Avenue, and West Hamilton Avenue Areas which are grouped geographically. The general locations for the Opportunity Site Areas are depicted in Figure D-1. Figure D-1. Opportunity Site Areas The six general opportunity site areas are described below and summarized in Table D-1. o Area 1 is the Bascom Avenue Corridor is located near the intersection with E. Hamilton Avenue and includes property along Campisi Way. This area is located in close proximity to the Hamilton VTA Light Rail Station. Number of Sites - 9, Total Area – 5.01 acres, Estimated Residential Yield - 109 units. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D-3 o Area 2 consists of the remaining non-residentially developed properties within the North of Campbell Avenue (NOCA) Area Plan. These sites are generally located along Salmar Avenue south of Hamilton Avenue. This area is near the Hamilton VTA Station. Number of Sites 7, Total Area – 8.30 acres, Estimated Residential Yield- 136 units. o Area 3 is located east of Downtown Campbell and includes both the north and south sides of East Campbell Avenue. This area is within the East Campbell Avenue Master Plan area and is near the Downtown Campbell VTA Station. Number of Sites 13, Total Area – 5.16 acres, Estimated Residential Yield- 116 units. o Area 4 is southeast of Downtown Campbell along Railway, Dillon and Gilman Avenues in the South of Campbell Avenue (SOCA) Area Plan. This area is near the Downtown Campbell VTA Station. Number of Sites 81, Total Area – 19.76 acres, Estimated Residential Yield- 419 units. o Area 5 is along Winchester Boulevard south of El Caminito and Kennedy Avenues within the Winchester Boulevard Master Plan. This area is in close proximity to the Winchester VTA Station. Number of Sites 14, Total Area –17.34 acres, Estimated Residential Yield - 407 units. o Area 6 is located at the intersection of Dot and West Campbell Avenue. This area located about ¾ of a mile from the Downtown Campbell and Winchester VTA Stations. Number of Sites 3, Total Area – 2.08 acres, Estimated Residential Yield - 31 units. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D-4 4. Inventory of Opportunity Areas & Sites The inventory of opportunity sites is included in Table D-2. The inventory identifies the location, land use, general plan and zoning designations, and the development potential of each site. Most of the sites are created by the consolidation of adjacent smaller parcels to create suitable-sized development sites. The probable development potential of each site is based upon the size and shape of the consolidated sites. An explanation of each column label is provided below. Site ID A unique Housing Element site identification number to facilitate the quick identification of each potential opportunity site. Address/APN The street address (if available) and the Assessor’s Parcel Number used by the Santa Clara County Assessor’s Office. Not all parcels have street addresses. Application Status Description of any existing development entitlement applications. For most sites there is no activity. Existing Use General land use activity type, as determined by a site inspection. Building Condition The condition of the building ranging from Poor, Fair to Good. Largely based on the age/life expectancy of the building. General Plan Designation As shown on the current General Plan Land Use Map. Zoning As shown on the current City Zoning Map. Site Size The size of the project site in acres. In most cases lots have not been consolidated into larger areas unless a single ownership is known or a proposal for development has been applied for or approved. Realistic Units The site size multiplied by the Useable Density. This does not include any units allowed under the local Density Bonus Program. Useable Density A conservative density estimate based upon the following assumptions: Minimum Density Assumption: 75% of maximum density based upon the requirements of the Housing Element. Enhanced Density Assumption: 90% of the maximum density for larger regularly-shaped parcels. Description/Comments An additional description or information about the site that may be relevant or important in any future development consideration. Development Standards Floor Area Ratio, density, and building setback standards as determined by the Zoning Ordinance or the Area/Master Plan (as applicable). City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D-5 While it is the intention of the City to make every effort to encourage and enable the development of housing for all income categories, it is important to note that the unit estimates contained in Appendix D cannot be construed as a guarantee of actual buildable density. There are a number of factors that will ultimately determine the site density including the following:  The size and shape of the actual project site;  The characteristics of the actual project design;  Site constraints that cannot be determined until specific feasibility and engineering studies have been completed, such as soil stability, slopes, street dedication, frontage requirements, and vehicular access;  Site specific land use compatibility issues; and,  Environmental impact issues and mitigation measures identified during the CEQA compliance process. The inventory identifies the potential for 1,161 additional units based upon the existing General Plan and Zoning Designations. Of these units, 1,008 result from the development of properties that allow residential densities in excess of 20 units per acre and are potentially affordable for all income categories. A summary of the Opportunity Site Areas is provided in Table D-1 below. Table D-1: Summary of Opportunity Site Areas Opportunity Site Areas Opportunity Site Area Size Estimated Total Units Is 75% Density over 20.0 du/ac? Bascom Avenue Corridor 5.0 Acres 109 Yes NOCA Area Plan 8.3 Acres 136 No* East Campbell Avenue Master Plan 5.2 Acres 116 Yes SOCA Area Plan 19.8 Acres 419 Yes Winchester Blvd Master Plan –South 17.3 Acres 350 Yes Dot Avenue Properties 2.1 Acres 31 No* TOTAL 57.7 Acres 1,161 * The Maximum Density in these areas is 20 units per acre. As a result the 75% density is 15 du/ac, the 90% density would be 18 du/ac. Note: All properties identified have utilities in place (water, sewer, electricity, gas, and telecommunications). Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 6 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards AREA 1 – BASCOM AVENUE CORRIDOR AREA 1-1 980 E. Hamilton Ave APN=28802009 No Application Filed Retail Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.41 8 20.25 Automotive use. May require lot consolidation. GP GOAL LUT-14: The Pruneyard/Creekside Area as an active, connected “urban village” with a mixture of commercial, office, residential, entertainment and recreational uses functioning as a community and regional focal point. Orient residential units along public street parking to side, rear, or underground. Taller buildings should orient toward Hwy 17 with heights reduced as building forms approach Hamilton Ave. Ground floor retail along Bascom Avenue and Hamilton Ave with vibrant street levels. FAR does not include residential units Integrate development with the Los Gatos Creek Trail. FAR: Up to 2.0 Density: Up to27 units per acre 1-2 990 E. Hamilton Ave APN=28802028 No Application Filed Retail and Service Good Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.47 10 20.25 Corner retail location. May require lot consolidation. 1-3 1627 S. Bascom Ave. APN=28802007 No Application Filed Retail and Service Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.23 5 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. 1-4 1639 S. Bascom Ave. APN=28802008 No Application Filed Retail and Service Poor Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.31 6 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. 1-5 1645 S. Bascom Ave. APN=28802009 No Application Filed Retail, Office, and Service Poor Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.34 7 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. 1-6 1657 S. Bascom Ave. APN=28802018 No Application Filed Retail and Service Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.35 7 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. 1-7 1661-1665 S. Bascom Ave. APN=28802011 No Application Filed Retail, Office, and Service Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.55 11 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. 1-8 1667 S. Bascom Ave. APN=28802012 No Application Filed Retail and Service (car wash) Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.32 6 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. 1-9 980 Campisi Ave APN=28803017 No Application Filed Office Good Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 2.03 49 24.0 Large lot adjacent to Los Gatos Creek. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 7 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards AREA 2 -NORTH OF CAMPBELL AVE AREA PLAN 2-1 509 Salmar Ave APN=27933047 No Application filed Public Storage Facility Poor Comm./Prof. Office/ Res. P-D 3.42 62 18.0 Underdeveloped property in close proximity to downtown area near VTA Station and freeways. GP GOAL LUT 15-North of Campbell Avenue Area, Mixed residential, office and retail commercial area functioning as an attractive gateway and complementing Downtown commercial activity. Commercial, office, and attached residential uses allowed. Density and FAR based on lot size to encourage lot consolidation Residential floor area is not counted against FAR. Locate building entries facing the streets for all residential units located along a public street North of Campbell Avenue Plan Area. FAR: Up to 1.0 Density: Up to 20 du/ac Flexible development standards. Reduced joint use parking allowed for mixed use projects. 2-2 479-485 Salmar Ave. APN=27933007 No Application filed Office, home improvement showroom Poor Comm./Prof. Office/Res. P-D 0.94 14 15.0 Non conforming industrial uses in the downtown area near VTA Station and freeways. 2-3 423-425 Salmar Ave APN=27933008 No Application filed Home improvement and landscape maintenance Poor Comm./ Prof. Office/ Res. P-D 0.77 12 15.0 Non conforming industrial uses in the downtown area near VTA Station and freeways. 2-4 210-230 Harrison Ave APN=27933009 No Application filed Retail and office Fair Comm./ Prof. Office/ Res. P-D 0.66 10 15.0 Non conforming industrial uses in the downtown area near VTA Station and freeways. 2-5 500-510 Salmar Ave. APN=27942016 No Application filed Industrial (Turf Supply) Poor Comm./Prof. Office/Res. P-D 1.08 16 15.0 Non conforming industrial uses in the downtown near VTA Station and freeways. Built in 1945. 2-6 494 Salmar Ave. APN=27942011 No Application filed Office Good Comm./Prof. Office/Res. P-D 0.64 10 15.0 Non conforming use in the downtown area near VTA Station and freeways. 2-7 536 Salmar Ave APN=27932006 No Application filed Industrial, warehouse Fair Comm./Prof. Office/Res. P-D 0.79 12 15.0 Non conforming Industrial uses in the downtown area near VTA Station and freeways. Built in 1971. (Also addressed as 535 Salmar Avenue) Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 8 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards AREA 3 -EAST CAMPBELL AVENUE MASTER PLAN AREA 3-1 471 E. Campbell Ave APN=29443055 No Application Filed Retail and Service Fair Central Commercial P-D 0.66 13 20.25 Auto oriented shopping center adjacent to the downtown and near the Downtown Campbell VTA Station. Site has limited lot consolidation potential and is triangular in shape. Mixed Use projects facing E. Campbell Avenue must have commercial on ground floor with residential on upper floors. Development should emphasis on small-scale, pedestrian-oriented commercial uses, including specialty retail, restaurants, local/neighborhood services. Locate parking at the rear or below buildings. No new surface parking along E. Campbell Avenue. Ensure adequate building setbacks to accommodate outdoor seating. Residential floor area is not counted against FAR East Campbell Avenue Master Plan. FAR: Up to 1.5 Density: Up to27 du/ac Height 45 ft./4 Stories Front setback 0 ft. Side setback 0 ft. Rear setback varies by location Ground floor finished ceiling ht - 15 ft. 3-2 56 Foote St APN=27943020 No Application Filed Retail, service and office Good Central Commercial P-D 1.41 34 24.3 Auto oriented shopping center adjacent to the downtown and near the VTA Station. 3-3 565 E. Campbell Ave APN=27946050 No Application Filed Retail and Service Poor Central Commercial P-D 0.13 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 3-4 573 E. Campbell Ave APN=27946049 No Application Filed Office Fair Central Commercial P-D 0.11 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 3-5 579 E. Campbell Ave APN=27946048 No Application Filed Office Poor Central Commercial P-D 0.12 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 3-6 621 E. Campbell Ave. APN=27946011 No Application Filed Offices Fair Central Commercial P-D 1.57 38 24.3 Under developed low rise office complex built in 1957, Near VTA Station. Under a single ownership. 3-7 621 E. Campbell Ave. APN=27946012 No Application Filed Offices Fair Central Commercial P-D 3-8 476 E. Campbell Ave APN=41209065 No Application Filed Offices Fair Central Commercial P-D 0.19 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 3-9 486 E. Campbell Ave APN=41209065 No Application Filed Offices Fair Central Commercial P-D 0.31 6 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 9 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 3-10 35 Dillon Ave APN=41209013 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. (See preceding page) (See preceding page) 3-11 530-540 E. Campbell Ave. APN=27946029 No Application Filed Retail Poor Central Commercial P-D 0.57 12 20.25 Blighted buildings in a prime location within the East Campbell Avenue Master Plan. Under a single ownership. Near VTA Station. 3-12 558 E. Campbell Ave. APN=27946030 No Application Filed Vacant Poor Central Commercial P-D 3-13 566 E. Campbell Ave. APN=27946031 No Application Filed Automotive repair and machining Poor Central Commercial P-D Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 10 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards AREA 4 –SOUTH OF CAMPBELL AVENUE (SOCA) AREA PLAN 4-1 20 Railway Ave APN=41209009 No Application Filed Retail Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolida- tion. Near VTA Station. GP GOAL LUT-16: Revitalize Downtown commercial, industrial, and recreational areas and provide housing opportunities. Mixed Use projects should have commercial on ground floor with residential on upper floors. Density based on lot size (Larger lots equal greater density up to 27 DU/Ac). Residential entries should be oriented toward the street. Lots must be a minimum of 1.5 acre for residential development to encourage lot consolidation. SOCA Area Plan- Sub Area 1 Commercial, industrial and attached residential uses allowed similar to Central Business District (C-3) zone. FAR: Up to 0.5 Density: Up to 27 du/ac Flexible development standards. 4-2 36 Railway Ave APN=41209008 No Application Filed Office Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.10 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolida- tion. Near VTA Station. 4-3 40 Railway Ave APN=41209007 No Application Filed Outside Storage N/A Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.10 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolida- tion. Near VTA Station. 4-4 48 Railway Ave APN=41209006 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.08 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolida- tion. Near VTA Station. 4-5 64 Railway Ave APN=41209005 No Application Filed Automotive Repair Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Building located in the rear of the property. Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-6 70 Railway Ave APN=41209004 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-7 86 Railway Ave APN=41209003 No Application Filed Service Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.21 4 20.25 Building located in the rear of the property with parking in front. Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-8 90 Railway Ave APN=41209002 No Application Filed Office Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolida- tion. Near VTA Station. 4-9 116 Railway Ave APN=41209001 No Application Filed Automotive Repair Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 11 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 4-10 61 Dillon Ave APN=41209014 No Application Filed Self Storage Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.31 6 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. (See preceding page) SOCA Area Plan- Sub Area 3 Commercial, industrial and attached residential uses allowed similar to Central Business District (C-3) zone. FAR: Up to 0.5 Density: Up to 27 du/ac Flexible development standards. 4-11 75 Dillon Ave APN=41209015 No Application Filed Service and warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-12 89 Dillon Ave APN=41209016 No Application Filed Office and warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.21 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-13 103 Dillon Ave APN=41209017 No Application Filed Automotive repair Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-14 111 Dillon Ave APN=41209018 No Application Filed Automotive repair Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.21 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-15 131 Dillon Ave APN=41209019 No Application Filed Automotive repair Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.14 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-17 139-145 Dillon Ave APN=41209020 No Application Filed Residential and Office Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.25 5 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-18 24 Dillon Ave APN=41209028 No Application Filed Vacant/vehicle storage N/A Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.30 6 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-19 34 Dillon Ave APN=41209027 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.22 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-20 60 Dillon Ave APN=41209026 No Application Filed Warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.20 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 12 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 4-21 74 Dillon Ave APN=41209025 No Application Filed Vacant Warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.19 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. (See preceding page) (See preceding page) 4-22 88 Dillon Ave APN=41209024 No Application Filed Service Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.20 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-23 126 Dillon Ave APN=41209023 No Application Filed Office and warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.39 8 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-24 132 Dillon Ave APN=41209022 No Application Filed Automotive Repair Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.13 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-25 457 Sam Cava Ln APN=41209057 No Application Filed Vacant Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.13 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-26 57 Gilman Ave APN=41209032 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-27 63 Gilman Ave APN=41209033 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.19 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-28 71-79 Gilman Ave APN=41209034 No Application Filed Warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.29 6 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-29 85 Gilman Ave APN=41209035 No Application Filed Industrial Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-30 101 Gilman Ave APN=41209036 No Application Filed Industrial Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 13 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 4-31 80 Gilman Ave APN=412090044 No Application Filed Office and warehouse Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.35 7 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. (See preceding page) (See preceding page) 4-32 90 Gilman Ave APN=412090043 No Application Filed Vacant Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.21 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-33 100 Gilman Ave APN=412090042 No Application Filed Office and warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.27 5 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-34 132 Gilman Ave APN=412090041 No Application Filed Office and equipment storage Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.28 6 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-35 136 Gilman Ave APN=412090040 No Application Filed Equipment Storage Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.28 6 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-36 140 Gilman Ave APN=412090058 No Application Filed Warehouse and outside storage Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.21 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-37 150-164 Gilman Ave APN=412080048 No Application Filed Service, office and warehouse Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.48 10 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-38 176 Gilman Ave APN=412080047 No Application Filed Warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.39 8 20.25 Underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-39 188 Gilman Ave APN=412080046 Pre-App Review Completed in 2014, d Industrial and warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.62 15 24.3 Underutilized parcel, would benefit form a lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. The 2014 Pre- application review project included five other parcels. 4-40 500 Sam Cava Ln APN=41208045 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.19 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-41 488 Sam Cava Ln APN=41208044 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 14 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 4-42 482 Sam Cava Ln APN=41208043 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.10 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. (See preceding page) (See preceding page) 4-43 472 Sam Cava Ln APN=41208042 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.10 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-44 466 Sam Cava Ln APN=41208041 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.16 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-45 180 Dillon Ave APN=41208040 No Application Filed Parking Lot N/A Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.14 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Separate lot for the parking lot. Near VTA Station. 4-46 180 Dillon Ave APN=41208039 No Application Filed Retail Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 4-44 186 Dillon Ave APN=41208038 Pre-App Review Completed in 2014 Manufacturing and warehouse Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.66 16 24.3 Long, thin and underutilized parcel, would benefit from a lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-45 190 Dillon Ave APN=41208037 Pre-App Review Filed in 2014 Office and warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.70 17 24.3 Long, thin and underutilized parcel, would benefit from a lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-46 200 Dillon Ave APNs=41208049 41208050 41208051 41208052 41208053 No Application Filed Industrial, warehouse Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.37 7 20.25 Industrial Condominium. Parcel would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-47 230 Dillon Ave. APN=41208034 Pre-App Review Filed in 2014 Vehicle storage yard Vacant Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.14 3 24.3 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-48 240 Dillon Ave APN=41208033 No Application Filed Office and Warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.27 5 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 15 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 4-49 260 Dillon Ave APN=41208032 No Application Filed Warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.10 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. (See preceding page) (See preceding page) 4-50 272 Dillon Ave APN=41208031 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-51 280 Dillon Ave APN=41208030. Pre-App Review Filed in 2014 Vacant N/A Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.08 2 24.3 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-52 (No Address) APN=41208035 Pre-App Review Filed in 2014 Vacant N/A High Density Residential P-D 1.66 40 24.3 Underutilized parcel, could from an associated lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-53 293 Dillon Ave APN=41208028 No Application Filed Industrial Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.20 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, may require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-54 279 Dillon Ave APN=41208027 No Application Filed Automotive Repair Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.19 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-55 265 Dillon Ave APN=41208067 No Application Filed Office and warehouse Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.19 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-56 255 Dillon Ave APN=41208024 No Application Filed Outside storage N/A Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.13 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-57 243 Dillon Ave APN=41208023 No Application Filed Vacant N/A Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.13 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-58 235 Dillon Ave APN=41208022 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.13 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 16 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 4-59 227 Dillon Ave APN=41208021 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.12 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. (See preceding page) (See preceding page) 4-60 219 Dillon Ave APN=41208020 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.12 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-61 213 Dillon Ave APN=41208019 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.12 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-62 191 Dillon Ave APN=41208018 No Application Filed Industrial Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.08 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-63 183 Dillon Ave APN=41208017 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.10 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-64 426 Sam Cava Ln APN=41208068 No Application Filed Warehouse Good Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.29 6 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-65 138 Railway Ave APN=41208069 No Application Filed Retail and warehouse Fair Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.26 5 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-66 202 Railway Ave APN=41208063 No Application Filed Church and Daycare Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.93 19 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, could benefit from a require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-67 208 Railway Ave APN=41208066 No Application Filed Outside Storage Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.13 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-68 216 Railway Ave APN=41208057 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.13 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 17 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 4-69 226 Railway Ave APN=41208056 No Application Filed Vacant Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. (See preceding page) (See preceding page) 4-70 232 Railway Ave APN=41208006 No Application Filed Outside Storage Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-71 238 Railway Ave APN=41208054 No Application Filed Outside Storage N/A Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-72 264 Railway Ave APN=41208062 No Application Filed Outside Storage N/a Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.09 2 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-73 264 Railway Ave APN=41208061 No Application Filed Retail and Outside Storage Poor Commercial, Medium-High Density Res P-D 0.17 3 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-74 300 Railway Ave APN=41208065 No Application Filed Automotive Repair Poor High Density Residential P-D 1.56 32 20.25 Larger parcel near VTA Station. Site development would benefit from lot consolidation. South of Campbell Avenue Area Plan – Sub Area 2 Density: Up to 27 du/ac Flexible development standards. Reduced joint use parking allowed for mixed use projects. FAR: Up to 0.5 Density: Up to 27 du/ac Building Height: 50 ft. 4-75 310 Railway Ave APN=41203007 No Application Filed Vacant and Outside Storage Poor High Density Residential P-D 0.40 8 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-76 320 Railway Ave APN=41203006 No Application Filed Vacant and Outside Storage Poor High Density Residential P-D 0.25 5 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. 4-77 328 Railway Ave APN=41203005 No Application Filed Single Family Residential and Vacant Poor High Density Residential P-D 0.36 7 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 18 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards AREA 5 – WINCHESTER BLVD MASTER PLAN – SOUTH 5-1 2295 Winchester Blvd APN=30534004 No Application Filed Vacant N/A Central Commercial P-D 0.28 6 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near a VTA Station. “Neighborhood Commercial Boulevard” policies, to promote a land use mix that is more oriented to and more sensitive to adjacent neighborhood areas. First floor commercial space is required. Proposed public improvements focus on storefront district-type street amenities. Winchester Blvd Master Plan, Area 2 120 ft. max building frontage Max. Height - 45 ft./3 stories Front/street side 5 ft. Rear setback 8 ft. min. (2:1 stepped) 5-2 2305 Winchester Blvd APN=30534005 No Application Filed Vacant N/A Central Commercial P-D 0.30 6 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near a VTA Station. 5-3 2325 Winchester Blvd APN=30534006 No Application Filed Retail and restaurant Poor Central Commercial P-D 0.54 11 20.25 Small underutilized parcel, would require lot consolidation. Near a VTA Station. 5-4 2345 Winchester Blvd APN=30536011 No Application Filed Retail, service and restaurant Poor Central Commercial P-D 0.30 7 24.3 Part of a large multi-tenant shopping center. Near a VTA Station. “Mixed-Use/Civic Boulevard” policies: where parcel size and street frontage conditions are generally consistent. These policies promote a mixed-use development pattern that includes a combination of “freestanding” office, residential and commercial development. Side setbacks, a frontage landscape strip (allowed by the lack of curbside parking), and, over time, installation of a central landscaped median island will combine to create an open, “green” character for these areas. Winchester Boulevard Master Plan, Area 1 200 ft. max building frontage Ground floor finished ceiling ht of 15 ft. FAR: 1.5 (exclusive of residential uses) Max. Ht - 55 ft./4 stories; (min. of two stories) Front 15 ft. recommended (7 ft. minimum) Side setback 10 ft. Street side setback 0 ft. 5-5 2365 Winchester Blvd APN=30536012 No Application Filed Retail and service Fair Central Commercial P-D 3.80 91 24.3 Part of a large multi-tenant shopping center. Near a VTA Station. 5-6 2375 Winchester Blvd APN=30536013 No Application Filed Retail and service Fair Central Commercial P-D 1.56 37 24.3 Part of a large multi-tenant shopping center. Near a VTA Station. 5-7 2415 Winchester Blvd APN=30536008 No Application Filed Retail and service Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 3.26 78 24.3 Part of a large multi-tenant shopping center. Near a VTA Station. 5-8 2507 Winchester Blvd APN=30536004 No Application Filed Retail and service Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 1.56 37 24.3 Part of a large multi-tenant shopping center. Near a VTA Station. 5-9 2523 Winchester Blvd APN=30536005 No Application Filed Retail and service Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.69 17 24.3 Part of a large multi-tenant shopping center. Near a VTA Station. 5-10 2525-2565 Winchester Blvd APN=30539050 No Application Filed Automotive repair complex Poor Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 1.72 41 24.3 Campbell Plaza Automotive Repair Center. Near a VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 19 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards 5-11 2585 Winchester Blvd APN=30539007 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.18 4 20.25 Small site would benefit from a lot consolidation. Near a VTA Station. Main entrance facing Winchester or Campbell Avenue. 5-12 2585 Winchester Blvd APN=30539008 No Application Filed Single Family Residential Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.16 3 20.25 Small site would benefit from a lot consolidation. Could provide secondary access to adjacent opportunity sites. Near a VTA Station. 5-13 2460 Winchester Blvd APN=41202032 No Application Filed Retail Nursery Poor Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 2.38 6 24.3 Summer Winds Nursery Underutilized site adjacent to the Winchester VTA Station. 5-14 2470 Winchester Blvd APN=41202001 No Application Filed Office Fair Commercial/ Prof Office/ Residential P-D 0.61 6 20.25 Site is triangular and would benefit from a lot consolidation with the adjacent site. Near a VTA Station. Appendix D: Inventory of Opportunity Sites Page D 20 Table D-2: Inventory of Opportunity Sites, City of Campbell Site ID Address/APN Application Status Existing Use Building Condition General Plan Designation Zoning Site Size Realistic Units Usable Density (DU/Ac) Description/ Comments GP Policies/ Specific Plans / Area Plans Development Standards AREA 6 – DOT AVENUE PROPERTIES 6-1 464 W Campbell Ave APN=30530007 No Application Filed Single Family Home Poor Medium Density Residential P-D 0.95 14 15.0 Small underutilized parcel. Single ownership would facilitate lot consolidation. There are no specific policy or criteria in the General Plan that apply exclusively to this area. As a result, the standard citywide provisions apply. Projects are evaluated on a case-by-case basis to achieve the minimum residential density. 6-2 No Address APN=305300006 No Application Filed Vacant N/A Medium Density Residential P-D 0.53 8 15.0 Small underutilized parcel. Single ownership would facilitate lot consolidation. 6-3 No Address APN=305300005 No Application Filed Vacant N/A Medium Density Residential l P-D 0.60 9 15.0 Small underutilized parcel. Single ownership would facilitate lot consolidation. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 1 APPENDIX E. PUBLIC OUTREACH DOCUMENTATION This section of the Housing Element provides documentation of the City’s outreach and public participation activities related to the development of the 2015-2023 Housing Element. The following activities are documented in this Appendix. A. City Website Information on Housing Element B. First Community Outreach Meeting – February 10, 2104 1. Meeting Notice 2. Distribution and Mailing List 3. Images of Meeting C. Second Community Outreach Meeting– April 29, 2014 1. Meeting Notice 2. Added Distribution List Names (from the First Outreach Meeting) 3. Non-Profit Housing Association Website 4. Campbell Express Website Announcement 5. Image of Preferred Housing Location “Dot Exercise” Results 6. Image of Sample Preferred Housing Type Survey D. Images of City Council Study Session – June 17, 2014 A summary of the results of the various meetings listed above are included in the body of the Housing Element. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 2 A. City Website City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 3 B. First Community Outreach Meeting – February 10, 2014 1. Invitation flyer (sent by regular mail or by e-mail) and printed in the local newspaper, the Campbell Express on January 29, 2014. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 4 2. Mailing List AARP, Marilyn Clough, President Campbell Chapter Affordable Housing Advocates Aki Snelling Al Bito Barry Swanson Builders, Josh Burroughs Bicycle Advisory Committee Bridge Housing, Cynthia A .Parker Building Board of Appeals CAANET, Joshua Howard Cambrian School District, Dr. Deborah Blow Cambrian School District, Wendy Corkery Campbell Chamber, Dave Perry Campbell Chamber of Commerce Campbell Community Center Neighborhood Association, Tim Grabau Campbell Union HSD, Gaylene Hinkle Campbell Union HSD, Patrick Gaffney Campbell Union School District, Dr. Eric Andrew Campbell Union School District, Ruth Smith Campbell Village Neighborhood Assn, Lisa Harmer Catholic Charities of SCC, Margaret Williams Catholic Charities of SCC, Marlene Siebert Charities Housing, Kathy Robinson City Ventures, Phil Kerr Civic Improvement Commission Corinthian House Campbell Council Members Cypress Group, Steve Schultz David Downs David Duran DT Campbell Neigh Assn, MaryanneYoshikawa Eden Housing, Linda Mandolini EHC LifeBuilders First Housing, Jeff Oberdorfer Metropolitan Planning Group, Geoff Bradley Habitat for Humanity East Bay Silicon Valley, Nataie Monk Habitat for Humanity East Bay-Silicon Valley, Meg Fitts Habitat for Humanity East Bay-Silicon Valley, Michele Choi HACSC, Aleli Sangalang Hamann Park Neigh Assn, Vince Navarra HBANC, Crisand Giles Historic Preservation Board Housing Choices Coalition, Jan Stokley IVSN, Karae Lisle Joanne Fairbanks John Hawkings Joint Venture, Russell Hancock Joni Steele Law Foundation of SCC, Alison Brunner Law Foundation of SCC, Christina Lum Law Foundation of SCC, Melissa Morris League of Women Voters, Roberta Hollimon Legal Aid Society, Mara Zlotoff Liz Gibbons LWVC, Jennifer Waggoner Marc Scheurer City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 5 Mark Fisher Merrill Gardens, Cathey – General Manager MidPen Housing, Matt Lewis MidPen Housing, Matthew Franklin MidPen Housing, Jan Lindenthal MidPen Housing, Peter Villareal Mike Torres NEXTDOOR.COM, via Al Bito NHSSV, Matthew Huerta Non-Profit Housing Assn of N CA - Pilar Lorenzana-Campo Opportunity Fund, Liz Givens Organization of Special Needs Families, Sandra James Outreach and Escort, Kathryn Heatley Parks and Recreation Commission Planning Commission Planning Division Project Sentinel, Andy Van Deursen Prometheus REG, Jackie Safier Pruneyard-Dry Creek Neigh Assn, Jane Harmer Rebuilding Together Silicon Valley Rebuilding Together-Silicon Valley, Bev Jackson Rental Increase Fact Finding Committee Richard Herrera, SCC Vets Robson Homes, Mark Robson San Tomas Neigh Assn, Jackie Wyckoff Santa Clara Family Health Foundation, Kathleen King SARC / Tom Yetter SCC Assn of Realtors, Jessica Epstein SCC Council of Churches, Rev Margo Tenold Senior Adults Legal Assistance, Georgia Bacil Senior Housing Solutions Sharon Teeter Silicon Valley Leadership Group, Bena Chang Step Up SV, Almaz Negash Suzette Rios-Scheurer SVLG, Shiloh Ballard Timber Cove HOA, Bud Souza United Way Silicon Valley, Carole Hutton Westley Manor William Seligmann YWCS Silicon Valley – Support, Sandy Davis City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 6 3. Images of First Community Outreach (Question & Answer) Meeting City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 7 C. Second Community Outreach Meeting – February 10, 2014 1. Invitation flyer (sent by regular mail or e-mail as appropriate) and printed in the local newspaper, the Campbell Express on April 16, 2014. City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 8 2. Community Outreach Meeting Mailing List – Names Added after First Meeting Ardie Zahedani Barbara Derbyshire David Snyder Eric Bracher Greg Hoque Jo-Ann Ash Fairbanks John Razumich Lillie Richard Liz Gibbons Mark Linder Mark Shorett Mary Jo Gorney-Moreno Natalie Monk - Habitat for Humanity P. Sausedo Renee Schiavone, Campbell Patch Sally Howe, Campbell Express Therese Piccolo for Robert Hicks Vivek Bansal Vivian Bracher City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 9 3. Non-Profit Housing Association Website City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 10 4. Local On-line Newspaper Website City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 11 5. Results of Housing Location Preference “Dot Exercise” Green Dots – Preferred YES Locations Red Dots – Preferred NO Locations Light Blue Bascom Avenue Corridor Violet NOCA Area Plan Orange East Campbell Avenue Master Plan Blue SOCA Area Plan Pink Union Avenue Area Red Upper/North Winchester Blvd Master Plan Gold Lower/Southern Winchester Blvd Master Plan Purple Dot Avenue Area Green West Hamilton Avenue Area City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 12 6. Results of Housing Type Preference Survey (Sample of Complete Survey) City of Campbell 2015-2023 Housing Element Appendix E: Public Outreach Documentation Page E 13 D. Images from City Council Study Session – June 17, 2014 This Page Left Intentionally Blank